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• then:

I. At that time, denoting coincidence:

1. tum (used absol. or as correl. to quum, postquam, ubi, si, or abl. abs.: it may be strengthened by demum, denique, vero, maxime): Curio was t. tribune of the plebs, erat tribunus plebis t. Curio, Cic. Brut. 89, 305: praise is most honourable when it follows (our endeavours), not when it is sought, laus t. est pulcherrima cum sequitur non cum arcessitur, Quint. 10, 2, 27: here t. is better omitted in Engl.: in Lat. it gives more force and precision to the sentence. It may be, and often is omitted: so in Liv. 26, 11, ubi recepissent se in castra mira serenitas oriebatur. This is a mere point of style.
2. tunc (emph. form of preced.: prop. opp. to nunc or hodie; at that particular moment or conjuncture of circumstances: rarely as correl of quum or si: it may be strengthened by demum): t. (seeing that the camp of Hannibal was pitched just outside Rome) they took refuge in their houses, t. in domos refugiebant, Liv. 26, 10: (t.) when all has been said, t. cum omnia dicta sunt, Cic. Verr. Act. 1, 18, 55.
3. expr. by eo tempore, Cic. Brut. 91, 313, or phr. of similar import. [N.B.--Tum ... tum, means now ... t.: he did not say first this t. that, but always the same thing, non t. hoc t. illud sed idem semper dicebat, Cic. Am. 4, 13: v. now (II.): t. is repeated 9 times in Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 51: now and t. is expr. by aliquando, v. sometimes, occasionally. Avoid such combinations as t. temporis, Just.]

II. Thereupon, denoting succession.

1. tum (strengthened by vero, deinde, postea, demum): t. Crassus says, t. Crassus, ..., inquit, Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 91: what t.? quid t.? id. Mur. 12, 26: Ter.: t. he sent a part of his forces, t. demum partem copiarum misit, Caes. B. G. 1, 50.
2. dĕinde, dĕin (constantly scanned ēi in the poets): they slew many of them, t. they returned into the camp, complures ex iis occiderunt; d. se in castra receperunt, Caes. B. G. 4, 35: deinde tum, Quint.: deinde tunc, Sen.: tum deinde, Liv.: v. deinde II. in Lat. Eng. Dict.
3. exinde, exin: t. the camp was removed to Munda, ad Mundam exinde castra mota, Liv. 24, 42.
4. inde: t. a line of infantry charges the horse, pedestris i. acies in equites incurrit, Liv. 26, 4: Cic.: i. deinceps, Liv. deinceps i., Cic.
5. deinceps: v. nextly.
6. ĭbi (prop. there: transf. to time): t. I thrice endeavoured to cast my arms round her neck, ter conatus i. collo dare brachia circum, Virg. Aen. 2, 792 Liv. 3, 14: also with tum, Cic. Caecin. 10, 27.
7. dēnĭque (and then): and t. what did you do? quid d. agitis? Pl. Bac. 2, 3, 60: Caes. B. G. 7, 64.
8. hic (upon this: used to bring a past occurrence vividly forward): v. hereupon.
9. post, postea (afterwards): what t.? quid postea? Cic. Rosc. Am. 33, 94: v. afterwards.
10. mox (soon after): Plin. 18, 7, 17.
11. ĭgĭtur Pl. Lucr. [N.B.--The "and" in "and then" is very rarely expr. in Lat.: the prop. equiv. is denique (v. No. 7): it is however found in some pass.: major pars in Achaiam ac deinde post in Asiam perfugit, Vell. 2, 23, 3.]

III. The chief combinations used in enumerations are: primum ... deinde ... postremo, Cic.: primum ... deinde ... deinde ... deinde, id. primum ... deinde ... tum ... postremo, id.: primum ... tum etiam, Caes. Without primum or equiv. phr.: ... deinde ... inde ... deinde, Cic.: deinde ... deinde ... postremo, Cic.: deinde ... post autem ... tum vero, Cic. Also, in enumerations dehinc becomes a syn. of deinde: primum ... dehinc, Virg.: Sall.: without primum: dehinc ... tum ... inde, Sen.
IV. Now, in introducing a new argument: jam, v. now (III., 2), again, moreover.
V. Therefore, denoting logical consequence:

1. ĭgĭtur (rarely first, unless emph.: however this position is freq. given to it in Sall., Tac., Liv., and the com. poets: it draws an inference, introduces consecutive interrogations, or resumes after a digression): I am not so dull as to say that. M. What do you say t.? Non sum ita hebes ut istud dicam. M. Quid dicis i.? Cic. Tusc. 1, 6, 12. (For its ordinary use, v. id. Acad. 2, 30, 96.) Let us return to the point whence we have digressed: Hortensius t. whilst quite a youth ..., ad id unde digressi sumus revertamur: Hortensius i., cum admodum adolescens ..., id. Brut. 88, 301.
2. ergo (in Ov. and later poets ergŏ: stronger than preced.: it is usu. put first: it often occurs in inter. phr.: sometimes with an imper. or as a resumptive word): to-morrow t. punctually by the clock, cras e. ad clepsydram, Cic. Tusc. 2, 27, 67: so t. eternal sleep overpowers Quintilius, e. Quintilium perpetuus sopor urget, Hor. Od. 1, 24, 5: cease t., desinite e., Caes. B. C. 3, 19, ad fin.: why t. do we hesitate ...? quid e. dubitamus ...? Cic. Fin. 4, 14, 36 (cf. quid dubitas igitur? id. ib. 4, 13, 34): there are t. three roads, as I said, tres e., ut dixi, viae, id. Phil. 12, 9, 22: v. therefore.

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