cover (v.) Copy link Outline I. To overspread; lit. and fig.1. tĕgo, xi, ctum., 3 (the most gen. term)2. ŏpĕrio, ui, rtum, 4 (prop. to c. at the top, as a vessel with a lid)3. sterno, with comps. insterno, consterno4. obdūco, xi, ctum, 3 (lit. to draw over as a veil5. obtendo, di, sum, and tum, 3 (to stretch or spread over6. ămĭcio, ĭcui, ictum, 47. vĕlo, 1II. To shelter, protect1. obtĕgo, prōtĕgo, tĕgo2. cingo, nxi, nctum, 3 (to surround3. claudo, si, sum, 3III. To occupy (space)1. obtĭneo, ui, ntum, 22. occŭpo, 1 (usu. stronger than the Eng.; to take possession of)IV. To bear the expense ofV. Of breeding1. ĭneo, 4, irr.2. sŭpervĕnio, 43. ŏnĕro, 1 • cover (v.): I. To overspread; lit. and fig.: often with the additional sense of hiding: 1. tĕgo, xi, ctum., 3 (the most gen. term): to c. a corpse with a mantle, corpus pallio t., Nep.: huts c.'d with straw, casae stramentis tectae, Caes.: Cic. Often = to conceal (involucris t., Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 5): q. v. Hence comps. (a). contĕgo, to cover up, cover over: Caes.: Liv.: (b). obtĕgo, to cover over: Cic.: Col.: (c). intĕgo (about = simple verb): Caes.: (d). prōtĕgo, to c. in front: Caes.: esp. in fig. sense: v. to protect, shelter. 2. ŏpĕrio, ui, rtum, 4 (prop. to c. at the top, as a vessel with a lid): he c.s the tops of the jars with gold and silver, summas amphoras auro et argento o., Nep.: to c. a patient with clothes, aegrum multa veste o. (stronger than tegere or its comps.), Cels. Hence (a). cŏŏpĕrio, to c. up completely (most freq. in p. part.): Cic.: Liv.: esp. fig.: c.'d with infamy, coopertus sceleribus, Cic.: Sall.: (b.) ădŏpĕrio (not to be distinguished from simple verb: chiefly used in p. part.): Liv.: Ov. 3. sterno, with comps. insterno, consterno: v. to strew, spread. 4. obdūco, xi, ctum, 3 (lit. to draw over as a veil: hence sometimes with dat. of things c.'d, and acc. of that drawn over it: but in present sense more freq. with acc. and abl.): trees are c.'d with bark, obducuntur libro trunci, Cic.: who also has operimento obduci, to be c.'d with a covering: Leg. 2, 22, 56: Virg.: Plin. 5. obtendo, di, sum, and tum, 3 (to stretch or spread over: same constr. as preceding; but most freq. with dat. and acc.): the eyes are c.'d with a transparent membrane, oculis membrana translucida obtenditur, Plin. Fig.: characters are c.'d (concealed) as it were with a veil, quasi velis quibusdam obtenditur uniuscujusque natura, Cic. 6. ămĭcio, ĭcui, ictum, 4: v. to mantle, clothe. 7. vĕlo, 1: v. hide, veil. Phr.: to c. the head, caput obnubere, Cic.: Liv. (formula of old law): moss-c.'d rocks, musco circumlita saxa, Hor.: God c.s (the future) with gloomy night, caliginosa nocte premit deus, id.: to c. (overcast) heaven with gloomy clouds, atra nube polum occupare (but of gradual covering, obducere: v. supr.): Hor.: everything (was) c.'d with snow, omnia nive oppleta (sunt), Liv.: c.'d with mud, oblĭtus coeno, Cic.: places c.'d with underwood, loca virgultis obsita, Liv. (v. overgrown): c.'d with wounds, multis vulneribus confossus, concisus or (if mortal ones) confectus: v. wound to be c.'d with infamy, infamia flagrare, dedecore cumulatum esse, Cic.: flagrare rumore malo (less strong), Hor.: c.'d with honours, cumulatus honoribus, Tac.: (to return home) c.'d with glory, cum maxima gloria, Liv.: see also covered. II. To shelter, protect: 1. obtĕgo, prōtĕgo, tĕgo: v. to protect. 2. cingo, nxi, nctum, 3 (to surround: q. v.): to c. one's rear with a strong body of troops, ultimum agmen valida manu c., Curt.: his flank was c.'d by cavalry, equitatus latera cingebat, Caes. 3. claudo, si, sum, 3: the soldiers of the fifth legion c.'d the right (of the march), dextrum quintani clausere, Tac.: to c. the baggage on the flanks, a lateribus impedimenta c., Veg.: also used in the sense of to cut off retreat, shut in: hence more fully, agmen cl. et novissimis praesidio esse, Caes. Phr.: he c.s his flank with a barricade, latera concaedibus munit, Tac.: the rear was c.'d by the twentieth legion, vicesima legio terga firmavit, id.: the army ought to be c.'d on all sides, undique debent praeparata esse subsidia, Veg. 3, 6 (see the passage). III. To occupy (space): 1. obtĭneo, ui, ntum, 2: to c. nine acres, novem jugera ob., Lucr.: to c. the fields with broad shade (of a tree), agros longis ob. umbris, Plin.: Curt. 2. occŭpo, 1 (usu. stronger than the Eng.; to take possession of): to c. with hewn stone, caementis oc., Hor.: v. supr. (I.) phr. Phr.: to c. a great deal of ground in fighting (in proportion to numbers), raros magnisque intervallis proeliari, Caes.: Liv. IV. To bear the expense of: Phr.: to c. the expense of anything, dare pecuniam in sumptum, Ter.: to c. their own expenses (by their service), sumptum (suum) exsarcire, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 91 (al. exercere): damnum resarcire (when damage has been sustained), Suet.: Col.: this sum of money will not c. the expense of the building, *minor est haec pecunia quam pro aedificii sumptu s. impensis. V. Of breeding: 1. ĭneo, 4, irr.: Varr.: Plin. 2. sŭpervĕnio, 4: Varr.: Plin. 3. ŏnĕro, 1: Pall.
cover (subs.) Copy link Outline I. A lid of any kindII. Shelter, protection; esp. in milit. operationsIII. For game • cover (subs.): I. A lid of any kind: ŏpercŭlum, ŏpĕrīmentum: v. lid, covering. II. Shelter, protection; esp. in milit. operations: praesĭdium: v. protection; and comp. verb (II.). Phr.: under c. of the wall, muro tectus (miles), Caes.: under c. of the artillery, tormentis munitus, firmatus: v. to cover (II.): under c. of the night, per noctem (not so strong as the Eng.: v. by, during), cf. Virg. "per amica silentia lunae," A. 2, 255: *nocte adjuvante, consilio favente. III. For game: *loca virgultis obsita et feris accommodata.
COVER Copy link • COVER 1. Any moveable thing which is placed on another, tegumen, or tegimen, or tegmen: tegumentum: integumentum: operimentum (that covers it all over): involucrum: velamentum (thai covers it all round): stragulum: stragula vestis: stramentum (that is spread over anything, the two former especially of costly covers over pillows or couches): operculum (for any vessel. Vid: also, LID): lodix (coverlet of a bed; PROP., “a small, shaggy blanket.” opertorium was the upper bedding, opposed to stragulum): gausape (of thick woollen stuff; e.g., for a table): cilicium (cover or cloth of goat’s hair): storea or storia (plaited of straw, cord, rushes, etc.): matta: teges (thick cover made of rushes): the cover to a well, *putei operculum (but puteal is = περιστόμιον, which was generally made of marble with the ancients, and of a circular form, Cic., Att., 1, 10, 3; ☞ Paullus, Dig., 19, 1, 14): the cover of a book, *tegumentum: involucrum: to take off the cover of anything, alicui rei tegumentum detrahere (draw off; e.g., scutis, Cic.): to put a cover on anything; [Vid: To COVER.] Cover for protection or concealment, perfugium (place of refuge): praesidium (protection): tuitio: munitio (defence): tegumentum (Plaut., Trin., 2, 2, 32): Under cover, in occulto (e.g., opus in occulto fiebat, Caes., B.C., 1). To finish the whole work under the cover of “vineae,” opus vineis tectum perficere (Caes. B.C., 2, 10, and Herz., ad loc.); sub tecto (if covered over, Caes. B.C., 2, 15): under cover of a wall, muro tectus (Caes., B.C., 2, 15); moenibus advorsum hostes munitus (Liv.): Under the cover of a pluteus, plutei objectu (e.g., quae usui sunt, supportare, Caes., B.C., 2, 15): Under cover of the night, nocte: multa de nocte (= late at night; e.g., proficisci): intempesta nocte (in the dead of the night): clam noctu (e.g., ex praesidiis effugere, Nep., Eum., 2, extr.). At table, mappa (convivae). A table of twenty covers, *cena viginti convivis instructa or apparata. Covert; Vid: Pretext, involucrum (e.g., simulationis, Cic., Quint. Fr. 1, 1, 5, §15); integumentum; velamentum: obtentus: praescriptio: titulus. Vid. PRETEXT, PRETENCE. 2. v. tegere (general term): contegere: obtegere: integere: protegere (to cover over; with anything, aliquid aliqua re): velare: operire: cooperire (to envelope): sternere: consternere: insternere (to spread over anything): occultare: abscondere (to hide): vestire: convestire (to clothe, of persons, also of the natural covering of animals, villis vestire; then, also, of things; e.g., a tomb covered with thorns, sepulcrum vepribus vestitum): sepire et vestire (e.g., oculos membranis) [Vid: also, To HIDE FROM]: obducere (to cover over; of what is drawn over as an outward coating or layer; e.g., arbores cortice obducuntur: to cover over with a hard skin, cailum obducere alicui rei: the sky is covered with clouds, caelum nubibus obducitur; also, figuratively, to cover the plainest things with a dark cloud, obducere tenebras rebus clarissimis). [☞ Tegere is also used of water covering (i. e., rising higher than) piles, etc.; of course, not tegere lectum, mensam, etc., but sternere.] Everything was covered with snow, omnia nives oppleverant: ivy covers everything, hedera omnia convestit: to cover one’s head, caput velare, operire (Cic.), adoperire (Liv.): with his head covered, capite operto (Cic.): to cover one’s nakedness, *vestibus ad verecundiam velatum esse: to cover the sea with fleets, the river with ships, maria classibus, amnem navigiis consternere: to cover the earth with flowers, humum spargere floribus: a covered walk, cryptoporticus (having the sides closed); ambulatio tecta (for walking): covered with dust, pulvere sparsus: covered with wounds, vulneribus onustus, obrutus: a breast covered with scars, pectus insigne cuicatricibus bello acceptis: to cover anybody with garlands (to honour him), complere aliquem coronis ac floribus: with abuse, omnia maledicta in aliquem conferre: covered with glory, gloria circumfluens: covered with infamy, etc., infamia et dedecore opertus (Cic.); coopertus flagitiis et facinoribus (Sall.) or sceleribus (Cic.): to cover with thatch, stramento tegere (Caes.), integere (Hirt.): to cover with shingles, scandulis contegere: with turf, caespitibus consternere (e.g., tabernacula, Caes.): to cover the walls with marble, parietes marmoribus excolere: to cover the walls of a room with pictures, tabulis cubiculi parietes vestire; cubiculum tabellis picturarum adornare: to cover with festoons and roses, sertis redimire et rosa with festoons, sertis velare (e.g., a house, etc., Ov., Trist. 4, 2, 3): covered with rags, pannis obsitus: to cover with planks or boards, contabulare. A covered (= decked) boat, scapha, etc., tecta, or tecta et instructa: to cover much ground, raros constitisse (e.g., Samnites rari constiterant, were drawn up so as to cover much ground). To protect, tegere (general term; also technical term for covering the position of an army): protegere (to guard from harm by preventive measures): from anything, a aliqua re or contra aliquid: munire (by a defence set up as a fortress; a aliqua re or contra aliquid; also figuratively; e.g., oculos membranis munire or sepire, to cover the eyes with a membrane for their protection): obtegere (e.g., partem castrorum vineis, Caes. B.C., 3, 54): praesidio esse (of troops; e.g., praesidio esse impedimentis): ab incursionibus hostium tueri (of covering a district). To cover the retreat, fugientem tegere (= to conceal his retreat; Caes. 6, 30): agmen claudere, et novissimis praesidio esse (Caes.); hostium (*insequentium) impetum sustinere (Caes.). He sent the cavalry to cover his retreat, equitatum, qui sustineret hostium impetum, misit (Caes., B.G., 1, 24): to be covered by mountains, montium altitudine tegi: the right wing of his army was covered by the brook, dextrum cornu ejus rivus muniebat: the second line was covered by the bridge, alter ordo ponte (ab incidentibus telis) tegebatur (Hirt., B.G., 8, 9, 4): to cover a wing by a strong body of cavalry, firmare cornu magnis equitum copiis: to be covered, tectum or tutum esse (i. e., to be safe): to cover one’s self, corpus suum protegere (in fighting, e.g., with a shield). To cover (= equal) the expense, aliquid sarcit or resarcit sumtum suum (brings back as much as it has cost, ☞ Ter., Heaut., 1, 1, 19): quod impensae factum est in rem, efficere (after Liv., 2, 18). The profit does not cover the outgoings, impendia exsuperant reditum (e.g., in the management of an estate). To cover the outgoings or the expenses of a thing, omnem impensamali cujus rei pretio auro liberare (Col.). To copulate, coire: inire: salire (of quadrupeds). 3. s. Vid: LID.