work (subs.) Copy link Outline 1. ŏpus, ĕris, n. (the act of w.ing, and the thing completed by the w., as a building, a book, etc.)2. ŏpĕra (labour, pains)3. lăbor (labour, trouble)4. factum (a thing done)5. res, rei, f. (a thing, a matter taken in hand)6. ŏpuscŭlum (a small w.; esp. a writing); why an ungrateful reader depreciates my w.s, mea cur ingratus opuscula lector premat, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 35.7. ŏpella (petty w.)8. pensum (the day's portion weighed out to wool-spinners) • work (subs.): 1. ŏpus, ĕris, n. (the act of w.ing, and the thing completed by the w., as a building, a book, etc.): for eight successive months they had no lack of w., menses octo continuos opus his non defuit, Cic. Verr. 4, 24, 54: speaking in all other cases is play, in the exertions at the bar it is laborious w., omnium ceterarum rerum oratio ludus est, in caussarum contentionibus magnum est quoddam opus, id. de Or. 2, 17, 72: the toilsome w. of war, grave Martis opus, Virg. Aen. 8, 516: to accomplish w., opus efficere, Cic. Att. 9, 11, 2: an urn of beautiful w. (workmanship), hydria praeclaro opere, id. Verr. 4, 14, 32: in plur. esp. of siege-works: he commenced an attack on the city by w.s, operibus oppugnare urbem est adortus, Liv. 37, 5: w.s and fortifications, opera munitionesque, Cic. Phil. 13, 9, 20: demolition of public w.s, (buildings), publicorum operum depopulatio, id. Verr. Act. 1, 4, 12: I have an important w. (book) in hand, habeo magnum opus in manibus, id. Acad. 1, 1, 2. 2. ŏpĕra (labour, pains): the hand and w. of men, hominum manus atque opera, Cic. Off. 2, 2, 14: to bestow great zeal and much w. on matters, magnum studium multamque operam in res conferre, ibid. 1, 6, 19: you had spent more w. and labour, plus operae laborisque consumpseras, id. de Or. 1, 55, 234: in the agricultural writers esp. of a day's w. for a labourer; one day's w. for a boy, puerilis una opera, Col. 11, 2, 44: there will remain a w. to mark this foreign travel, exstabit opera peregrinationis hujus, Cic. Att. 15, 13, 2: w.s of spiders (spiders' webs), operae aranearum, Pl. Asin. 2, 4, 19. 3. lăbor (labour, trouble): what money or w. he may have spent on this matter, quid sumptus in eam rem aut laboris insumpserit, Cic. Inv. 2, 38, 112: to lighten w., laborem levare, id. Or. 34, 120: the fruit of w.: the glad crops and w.s of oxen, sata laeta boumque labores, Virg. G. 1, 325. 4. factum (a thing done): a glorious and divine w., factum praeclarum atque divinum, Cic. Phil. 2, 44, 114: the w.s of men and oxen, hominum, boum facta, Ov. H. 10, 60. 5. res, rei, f. (a thing, a matter taken in hand): he undertakes the w., rem suscipit, Caes. B. G. 1, 9. 6. ŏpuscŭlum (a small w.; esp. a writing); why an ungrateful reader depreciates my w.s, mea cur ingratus opuscula lector premat, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 35. 7. ŏpella (petty w.): the w. of the forum, opella forensis, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 8. 8. pensum (the day's portion weighed out to wool-spinners): maidens plying their nightly w., nocturna carpentes pensa puellae, Virg. G. 1, 390: I shall recal myself to my duty and w., me ad meum munus pensumque revocabo, Cic. de Or. 3, 30, 119. Phr.: w.s of art, artes: works of art wrought by Parrhasius, artes quas Parrhasius protulit, Hor. Od. 4, 8, 5: woman's w.: tela (weaving), lana, lanificium (wool-working), pictura (embroidery): acc. to the special kind: zeal for woman's w., operosae Minervae studium, Hor. Od. 3, 12, 4: the w.s (machinery) of a clock, etc.: machinatio: when we see anything moved by w.s, as a sphere, a timepiece, and many other things, quum machinatione quadam moveri aliquid videmus, ut sphaeram, ut horas, ut alia permulta, Cic. N. D. 2, 38, 97: the w.s (place where the w.ing is done) of a manufactory: *offĭcīna: good w.s, *recte honesteque facta, virtus: this is not the w. of chance, id evenit non casu, Cic. N. D. 2, 2, 6: it is a w. of time, *tempore eget ad conficiendum.
work (v.) Copy link Outline I. Intrans.1. ŏpĕror, 1, dep.2. lăbōro, 13. ēlăbōro (to w. thoroughly)II. Trans.1. exerceo, ui, ĭtum, 2 (to keep in constant w. or stir)2. exercĭto, 1 (chiefly in pass. part.)3. ăgĭto, 1 (to shake)4. sŭbīgo, ēgi, actum, 3 (to stir up, esp. of soil)5. cŏlo, ui, cultum, 3 (to till)6. tracto, 1 (to w. this way and that, to handle)7. fingo, nxi, ctum, 38. fabrĭcor, 1 (to w. in hard substances)9. mōlior, ītus, 4 (to set in motion with effort)10. effīcio, fēci, factum, 3 (to effect)11. admĭnistro, 1 (to manage) • work (v.): I. Intrans.: 1. ŏpĕror, 1, dep.: the older bees w. within, seniores apes intus operantur, Plin. 11, 10, 10: the youth w.ing in the new fields, arvis novis operata juventus, Virg. Aen. 3, 136: some woman w.ing at the web, aliqua textis operata, Tib. 2, 1, 65. 2. lăbōro, 1: as long as they understood that they were sowing, spending, and w.ing for themselves and not for Verres, quamdiu intelligebant sese sibi, non Verri, serere, impendere, laborare, Cic. Verr. 3, 52, 121: with acc. of the task w.'d at: I w. at my task, pensa laboro, Prop. 4, 3, 33. 3. ēlăbōro (to w. thoroughly): I am bound to w. for this that my countrymen may be more learned, debeo in eo elaborare ut sint doctiores cives mei, Cic. Fin. 1, 4, 10. Phr.: the bees w. within, apes intus opus faciunt, Varr. R. R. 3, 16: I have engaged to w. to-day for three sesterces, ego operam meam tribus nummis hodie locavi: the phrr. with "operam" seem more used in classical Latin than the verb "operor": v. work (subs.). For w. meaning ferment: v. to ferment. II. Trans.: 1. exerceo, ui, ĭtum, 2 (to keep in constant w. or stir): to collect and w. troops, copias cogere, exercere, Caes. B. G. 5, 55: the body must be w.'d, exercendum corpus, Cic. Off. 1, 23, 79: I'll w. you to-day as you deserve, ego te exercebo hodie ut dignus es, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 48: they w. the hills with the plough-share, exercent vomere colles, Virg. Aen. 7, 798: fields or mines for the w.ing of which we may be reserved, arva aut metalla quibus exercendis reservemur, Tac. Agr. 31. 2. exercĭto, 1 (chiefly in pass. part.): the mind stirred and w.'d with cares, curis agitatus et exercitatus animus, Cic. Rep. 6, 26, 28. 3. ăgĭto, 1 (to shake): to be w.'d and stirred by the violence of the winds, ventorum vi agitari atque turbari, Cic. Clu. 49, 138: to be w.'d and terrified by the fires of the Furies, agitari et perterreri Furiarum taedis ardentibus, id. Rosc. Am. 24, 67. 4. sŭbīgo, ēgi, actum, 3 (to stir up, esp. of soil): practised in w.ing the soil, glebis subigendis exercitati, Cic. Agr. 2, 31, 84: let him put the meal into a mortar, add water gradually, and w. it well, farinam in mortarium indito, aquae paullatim addito, subigitoque pulcre, Cato R. R. 74. 5. cŏlo, ui, cultum, 3 (to till): it is not all fields that are w.'d that bear fruit, agri non omnes frugiferi sunt qui coluntur, Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13. 6. tracto, 1 (to w. this way and that, to handle): the wax w.'d by the thumb is moulded into many shapes, cera tractata pollice multas flectitur in facies, Ov. M. 10, 285: to w. the helm of state, tractare gubernacula reipublicae, Cic. Sest. 9, 20. 7. fingo, nxi, ctum, 3: to w. in wax, fingere e cera, Cic. Verr. 4, 13, 30. 8. fabrĭcor, 1 (to w. in hard substances): those who w. statues, ii qui signa fabricantur, Cic. Off. 1, 41, 147: cups w.'d out of beechwood, fabricata fago pocula, Ov. M. 8, 669: images wrought of gold, simulacra ex auro fabricata, Suet. Ner. 32. 9. mōlior, ītus, 4 (to set in motion with effort): the husbandman having w.'d the soil with the curved plough, agricola incurvo terram molitus aratro, Virg. G. 1, 494: these feelings chiefly are to be w.'d in the minds of the judges by our speaking, haec maxime sunt in judicum animis oratione molienda, Cic. de Or. 2, 51, 206. 10. effīcio, fēci, factum, 3 (to effect): fortune w.s great changes by small forces, fortuna parvis momentis magnas rerum commutationes efficit, Caes. B. C. 3, 68: v. to effect, to produce. 11. admĭnistro, 1 (to manage): to w. a ship, administrare navem, Caes. B. G. 3, 14: v. to manage. Phr.: to w. vigorously and diligently on a thing, in aliqua re acriter et diligenter versari, Cic. Rep. 1. 22, 35: whatever can be w.'d out or effected, quidquid elaborari aut effici poterit, id. Fam. 9, 16, 2: to w. up: perficere: to w. up skins, wool, coria, lanas p., Plin.; to w. one's way through: penetrare, perfodere (to dig through): to w. one's way up to power, ad summas emergere opes, Lucr. 2, 13: I have seen many w. their way out (from profligacy) to virtue, multos vidi emersisse ad frugem bonam, Cic. Cael. 12, 28: to w. well (be useful, succeed): prodesse, provenire: if his design had w.'d well, si consilium provenisset, Tac. H. 3, 41.
WORK Copy link • WORK 1. s. An outward action, opus (the proper word): factum (thing done). Good works, recte, honeste facta (Cic.): if = a virtuous life, virtus; vita sancta (ib.): bad works, male facta; maleficia (ib.): a work of love, of mercy, factum ab amore, a misericordia profectum. To make short work with anything, rem praecidere. Labor, opus: opera: labor [SYN. in LABOR]. Task, doing, opus. To complete a work begun, opus coeptum perficere, pertexere: it seems hardly like the work of men, vix humanae opis videtur (Liv., 10, 29): this is the work of a single man, hoc ab uno fit (Cic., Mil., 33, 90). To begin or undertake a work, aggredi, suscipere aliquam rem; inchoare opus; ad opus faciendum se conferre (after Cic.): to have a great work on hand, magnum opus habere in manibus (Cic., Acad. 1, 1, 2): to leave a work unfinished, opus omittere, inchoatum relinquere (after Cic.): to put the finishing hand to one’s work, extremam manum operi imponere (Verg.); summam manum imponere operi (Sen.): this is not my work, hoc ego non feci; hoc non per me factum est (after Cic.): it is evidently the work of chance and accident, casu et fortuito aliquid factum esse apparet (Cic.): clerk of the works, exactor operis (Col., 3, 13, 10; ☞ Liv., 45, 37). A thing wrought and completed, product, opus; factum. A little work, opusculum. Plural, works = fortifications, etc., opera, plur.; munitiones; munimenta. Plural, works of a machine, machina: compages. A written composition, opus; also, corpus: monumentum (e.g., opera, monumenta Graecorum): a small work = a little book, libellus; opusculum (a short or trifling piece of composition, Hor.). 2. v. Intransitively, To labor, opus facere (especially of agricultural labor; for which we find more rarely operari): laborem subire, obire: operam dare alicui rei: operam locare, ponere, consumere in aliqua re (Cic.): in opere esse (Sen.): in opere occupatum esse (Caes.): (of litterary work), litterarum studia exercere (Cic.); doctrinae studiis navare (Johann August Ernesti): to work with the needle, acu pingere (to embroider): suere (to sew): to work by lamp or candle light, especially before daybreak, lucubrare: to work all night, ad laborem nullam partem noctis intermittere: to work day and night, opus continuare diem et noctem: to work for pay, operam suam locare; for anybody, alicui: work and pray, ora et labora; auspicare laborem a precationibus (Ianus). To exert force, take effect, vim habere (not vim exserere, which is not Latin): efficacem esse (to work or be effective). The medicine works, concipitur venis medicamentum; does not work, medicamentum imbecillius est quam morbus: the medicine works so powerfully, tanta vis est medicamenti: the medicine works well, commode facit (Cels.): to work upon anything, vim habere or exercere in aliquid; on anybody, aliquem or alicujus animum movere or commovere. To ferment, Vid: Transitively, tractare aliquid (general term, to handle anything): dolare, edolare aliquid (to cut with a carpenter’s axe, wood, etc. Respecting asciare and exasciare, Vid: HEW): subigere (to prepare thoroughly, by kneading, ploughing, etc.; e.g., bread, leather, land): colere, excolere aliquid (to cultivate; figuratively educate): that can be easily worked, tractabilis: to work a ship, navem agitare (after Nep.): to work land, agrum colere, moliri, arare (to plough); a mine, fodinam. To work at, laborare: elaborare in aliqua re (to work hard at anything with a view to a result; but elaborare aliquid = to pursue anything with great pains; in Cic. only in the passive): operam dare alicui rei; versari or operam et studium collocare in re (to be occupied with anything): to work at a fresh or anew, retractare (to take in hand again; a writing, etc.): recolere (to cultivate again; land, etc.): de integro facere (to make quite new again; e.g., a play, fabulam). To work off, tollere (to clear by work): *opera sua compensare (to pay a debt by labor, instead of money): at a printing-press, *librum typis exscribere, describere, exprimere (not imprimere) [Vid: To PRINT]. To work out = To work carefully and in all parts, elaborare (but in classic prose only in the passive, especially in the perfect participle); perficere, also with diligenter: concoquere (PROP., to digest; then, figuratively = to think over; e.g., what has been read; Sen., Ep., 84, 6; for which Ep. 2, 4, ed. Rup., has excoquere): = To get through by labor and diligence, perfodere: penetrare per aliquid (to penetrate through): emergere re and ex re (figuratively, to work one’s way out from; e.g., mendicitate): tollere (to clear; e.g., a debt by work).