prōnus Copy link Outline I. Lit., turned forward, bent or inclined ...1. Of living beings2. Of things, bending forward or downward ...B. In partic.1. Of the heavenly bodies, of time, etc., ...2. Of localities, turned, looking, or ...(a). With dat.(b). With adII. Trop., inclined, disposed, prone to any thing ; usu. constr. with ...A. In gen.(a). With ad(b). With in and acc.(g). With dat.(d). With gen.B. In partic.1. Inclined to favor, favorable to any thing . ...(a). With dat.(b). With in and acc.(g). Absol.2. Easy, without difficultyA. Lit., Paul. Petr. Vit. S. Mart. 4, 546 ...B. Trop., readily, willingly; comp. pronius, ... ⓘprōnē: adverbialprōne: masc/neut voc sg • prōnus, a, um (archaic form of fem. pronis, Varr. ap. Non. 494 fin.), adj. [like Gr. πρᾶνής = πρηνής, from root pra-, πρό; cf. prae). I. Lit., turned forward, bent or inclined, leaning or hanging forward, stooping, bending down (class.; opp. supinus; cf. cernuus). 1. Of living beings: puerum imponere equo pronum in ventrem, Varr. R. R. 2, 7, 13: pronus pendens in verbera, leaning forward to strike, Verg. A. 10, 586: ipsum Pronum sterne solo, id. ib. 11, 485: pronus magister Volvitur in caput, id. ib. 1, 115: pecora, quae natura prona finxit, Sall. C. 1, 1; Ov. M. 8, 379.—Poet., of those running swiftly, Ov. M. 10, 652: leporem pronum catulo sectare sagaci, flying swiftly, id. R. Am. 201.— 2. Of things, bending forward or downward, going or inclined downward: ilex paulum modo prona, dein flexa, Sall. J. 93, 4: prona ac fastigiata tigna, Caes. B. G. 4, 17: pronae atque vergentes ampullae, Plin. Ep. 4, 30, 6: demissus inde pronusque pulvinus, id. ib. 5, 6, 16: (urbs) prona in paludes, sinking down, Liv. 4, 59: crateres, overturned, Stat. Th. 5, 255: motus corporis, Cic. Div. 1, 53, 120: cubitus, Plin. 28, 4, 14, § 54: prona via, steep, Ov. M. 2, 67: amnis, Verg. G. 1, 203: rivi, Hor. C. 1, 29, 11: currus, Ov. M. 5, 424. —Absol.: nihil habent proni et supera semper petunt, Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 42: per pronum ire, downwards, Sen. Ep. 123, 14: per prona voluti, Sil. 15, 235.— B. In partic. 1. Of the heavenly bodies, of time, etc., setting, sinking, declining (poet.): pronus Orion, Hor. C. 3, 27, 18: sidera, Prop. 1, 16, 23: Titan, Ov. M. 11, 257: dies, Stat. Th. 2, 41: menses (=celeriter praetereuntes), Hor. C. 4, 6, 39: anni, id. A. P. 60.— 2. Of localities, turned, looking, or lying towards (postAug.). α. With dat.: loca Aquiloni prona, Col. 3, 2, 6: aedificii solum pronius orienti, situated more to the east, id. 1, 5, 8.— β. With ad: campo patente et ad solem prono, Col. 2, 9, 3.— II. Trop., inclined, disposed, prone to any thing (class.); usu. constr. with ad, in aliquid, or dat.; poet. also with gen. A. In gen. α. With ad: rei publicae genus inclinatum et quasi pronum ad perniciosissimum statum, Cic. Rep. 2, 26, 47: anxitudo prona ad luctum, id. ib. 2, 41, 68 (from Non. 72, 31): boves ad domandum proni, Varr. R. R. 1, 2: pronus ad omne nefas, Luc. 6, 147: pronus ad cujusque necem, Suet. Vit. 14: ad poëticam, id. Ner. 50: ad simultates, Plin. Pan. 84.—Sup.: ad indulgentias pronissimus, Capit. Anton. 10, 8.— β. With in and acc.: in obsequium plus aequo pronus, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 10: in libidines, Suet. Caes. 50: saeculum in omnia mala, Flor. 4, 12.—Prov.: prona est timori semper in pejus fides, Sen. Herc. Fur. 316. — γ. With dat.: pronus deterioribus, Tac. Agr. 41 fin.—Comp.: aures offensioni proniores, Tac. A. 4, 29 fin.— δ. With gen. (poet.): ruendi In ferrum mens prona viris, Luc. 1, 461.—Comp.: unus audendi pronior, Claud. Ruf. 2, 400.— B. In partic. 1. Inclined to favor, favorable to any thing (post-Aug.). α. With dat.: si modo prona bonis invicti Caesaris assint Numina, Stat. S. 4, 8, 61.—Comp.: cohors Cn. Dolabellae pronior, Suet. Galb. 12.— β. With in and acc.: prona in eum aula Neronis, Tac. H. 1, 13.—Comp.: ut quis misericordiā in Germanicum pronior, Tac. A. 2, 73: in verum nepotem, Suet. Cat. 19.— γ. Absol.: prona sententia, Val. Fl. 8, 340: pronis auribus accipere aliquid, Tac. H. 1, 1; Luc. 5, 501.— Comp.: quos pronior fortuna comitatur, Vell. 2, 69, 6.— 2. Easy, without difficulty (mostly post - Aug.): omnia virtuti suae prona esse, Sall. J. 114, 2: omnia prona victoribus, Tac. Agr. 33: pronum ad honores iter, Plin. Ep. 8, 10, 3: via ad regnum, Just. 1, 5, 9: pronum est, it is easy: agere memoratu digna pronum erat, Tac. Agr. 1: invitos praebere deos, Luc. 6, 606: facile et pronum est agere, Juv. 9, 43.—Comp.: id pronius ad fidem est, is easier to believe, Liv. 21, 28.—Hence, adv.: prōnē, downwards, pronely (post-class.). A. Lit., Paul. Petr. Vit. S. Mart. 4, 546.— B. Trop., readily, willingly; comp. pronius, Amm. 30, 8, 10.
prō Copy link Outline I. Adv., found only in the transf. comp. signif. in connection with ...A. Pro quam, in proportion as, just as ...B. Pro ut or prout, according as, in proportion ...II. Prep. with abl.A. Lit., of place2. In partic., with the accessory idea of presence on the front part, on the edge or brink of a place, ...B. Transf.1. To signify a standing before or in front of, for defence or protection; hence an acting ...2. With the notion of replacement or substitution, ...a. In gen.b. Esp. freq. in connection with the title of any officer, to denote his substitute' pro consule, pro praetore, pro quaestore, pro magistro, etc. , ...c. So of price, penalty, etc., in exchange ...3. Pro is also frequently used to denote the viewing, judging, considering, representing of a thing as something, ...4. Esp. in certain phrases5. On account of, for the sake of6. Pro is used in its most general sense in stating the relation between two objects or actions, ... ⓘprō | ne: (adverb) · (prep) • prō (archaic collat. form, posi in posimerium; cf. pono, from posino; cf. Gr. ποτί and ποτ with πρός), adv. and prep. [root in Sanscr. prep. pra-, before, as in prathamas, first; Gr. πρό; cf.: πρότερος, πρῶτος, etc.; Lat.: prae, prior, priscus, etc.; perh. old abl. form, of which prae is the loc.], before, in front of; and, transf., for, with the idea of protection, substitution, or proportion. I. Adv., found only in the transf. comp. signif. (v. infra, II. B. 3.) in connection with quam and ut: pro quam and pro ut (the latter usually written in one word, prout), like prae quam and prae ut. * A. Pro quam, in proportion as, just as: nec satis est, pro quam largos exaestuat aestus, Lucr. 2, 1137. — B. Pro ut or prout, according as, in proportion, accordingly, proportionably as, just as, as (class.): compararat argenti bene facti, prout Thermitani hominis facultates ferebant, satis, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 83: tuas litteras, prout res postulat, exspecto, id. Att. 11, 6 fin.: id, prout cujusque ingenium erat, interpretabantur, Liv. 38, 50: prout locus iniquus aequusve his aut illis, prout animus pugnantium est, prout numerus, varia pugnae fortuna est, id. 38, 40 fin.—With a corresp. ita: ejusque rationem ita haberi, prout haberi lege liceret, Cic. Phil. 5, 17, 46: prout sedes ipsa est, ita varia genera morborum sunt, Cels. 4, 4, 5: prout nives satiaverint, ita Nilum increscere, Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 51.— II. Prep. with abl. (late Lat. with acc.: PRO SALVTEM SVAM, Inscr. Grut. 4, 12; 46, 9; Inscr. Orell. 2360), before, in front of. A. Lit., of place: sedens pro aede Castoris, Cic. Phil. 3, 11, 27: praesidia, quae pro templis cernitis, id. Mil. 1, 2: ii qui pro portis castrorum in statione erant, Caes. B. G. 4, 32: pro castris copias habere, id. ib. 7, 66: pro castris dimicare, id. ib. 5, 16: pro oppido, id. ib. 7, 71: pro opere consistere, Sall. J. 92, 9: castra pro moenibus locata, Liv. 2, 53; 4, 17: pro muro, id. 30, 10: pro castris explicare aciem, id. 6, 23: pro vallo, Plin. 2, 37, 37, § 101; Vell. 2, 19, 1.—With verbs of motion: Caesar pro castris suas copias produxit, before the camp, Caes. B. G. 1, 48: hasce tabulas hic ibidem pro pedibus tuis obicito, before your feet, App. Mag. p. 337, 36; id. M. 4, p. 155, 2.— 2. In partic., with the accessory idea of presence on the front part, on the edge or brink of a place, on or in the front of, often to be translated by a simple on or in: pro censu classis iuniorum, Serv. Tullius cum dixit, accipi debet in censu, ut ait M. Varro, sicuti pro aede Castoris, pro tribunali, pro testimonio, Fest. p. 246 Müll.; cf.: pro significat in, ut pro rostris, pro aede, pro tribunali, Paul. ex Fest. p. 228 Müll.; and: pro sententia ac si dicatur in sententiā, ut pro rostris id est in rostris, id. p. 226 Müll.: hac re pro suggestu pronunciata, qs. standing on the front part of the tribune, or, as we would say, on the tribune, Caes. B. G. 6, 3: pro tribunali cum aliquid ageretur, was transacted before or at my tribunal, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 21; so, pro tribunali, id. Pis. 5, 11; id. Sest. 15, 34: pro contione, before the assembled army; and, in gen., before the assembly: laudatus pro contione Jugurtha, Sall. J. 8, 2; cf. Curt. 9, 1, 1: pro contione laudibus legati militumque tollere animos, Liv. 7, 7: fortes viros pro contione donantis, Curt. 10, 5, 10: pro contione litteras recitare, id. 4, 10, 16; Liv. 38, 23 fin.: pro contione palam utrumque temptavit, Suet. Vesp. 7; Tac. A. 3, 9; Front. Strat. 1, 11, 3: 4, 5, 11; cf.: pro comitio, Suet. Aug. 43: uti pro consilio imperatum erat, in the council, Sall. J. 29, 6; cf.: supplicatio in triduum pro collegio decemvirūm imperata fuit, Liv. 38, 36: pontifices pro collegio decrevisse, Gell. 11, 3, 2: pro collegio pronuntiare, Liv. 4, 26, 9: suas simultates pro magistratu exercere, id. 39, 5: pro munimentis castelli manipulos explicat, before, on the fortifications, Tac. A. 2, 80; 12, 33: stabat pro litore diversa acies, in front of or upon the shore, id. ib. 14, 30: legionem pro ripā componere, id. ib. 12, 29: velamenta et infulas pro muris ostentant, in front of, from the walls, Tac. H. 3, 31; so, pro muris, id. A. 2, 81: ad hoc mulieres puerique pro tectis aedificiorum saxa et alia, quae locus praebebat, certatim mittere, standing on the edge of the roofs, from the roofs, Sall. J. 67, 1 Kritz.— B. Transf. 1. To signify a standing before or in front of, for defence or protection; hence an acting for, in behalf of, in favor of, for the benefit of, on the side of (opp. contra, adversum): veri inveniendi causā contra omnia dici oportere et pro omnibus, Cic. Ac. 2, 18, 60; cf.: hoc non modo non pro me, sed contra me est potius, id. de Or. 3, 20, 75: partim nihil contra Habitum valere, partim etiam pro hoc esse, id. Clu. 32, 88: difficillimum videtur quod dixi, pro ipsis esse quibus eveniunt ista, quae horremus ac tremimus, Sen. Prov. 3, 2: haec cum contra legem proque lege dicta essent, Liv. 34, 8: pro Romano populo armis certare, Enn. ap. Non. 150, 6 (Ann. v. 215 Vahl.); cf.: pro vostrā vitā morti occumbant, id. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 2, 62 (Trag. v. 176 Vahl.): quae ego pro re publica fecissem, Cato ap. Front. p. 149: nihil ab eo praetermissum est, quod aut pro re publicā conquerendum fuit, aut pro eā disputandum, Cic. Sest. 2, 3: omnia me semper pro amicorum periculis, nihil umquam pro me ipso deprecatum, id. de Or. 2, 49, 201: convenit dimicare pro legibus, pro libertate, pro patriā, id. Tusc. 4, 19, 43: dulce et decorum est pro patriā mori, Hor. C. 3, 2, 13; cf. id. ib. 3, 19, 2: pro sollicitis non tacitus reis, id. ib. 4, 1, 14: spondere levi pro paupere, id. A. P. 423: urbes, quae viris aut loco pro hostibus et advorsum se opportunissumae erant, Sall. J. 88, 4: nec aliud adversus validissimas gentes pro nobis utilius, quam, etc., Tac. Agr. 12: et locus pro vobis et nox erit, Liv 9, 24, 8: et loca sua et genus pugnae pro hoste fuere, id. 39, 30, 3: pro Corbulone aetas, patrius mos ... erant: contra, etc., Tac. A. 3, 31; id. H. 4, 78; Curt. 4, 14, 16.— 2. With the notion of replacement or substitution, in the place of, instead of, for. a. In gen.: numquam ego argentum pro vino congiario ... disdidi, Cato ap. Front. p. 149: ego ibo pro te, si tibi non libet, Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 10: ego pro te molam, Ter. And. 1, 2, 29; Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 13: mutata (ea dico), in quibus pro verbo proprio subicitur aliud ... ut cum minutum dicimus animum pro parvo, etc., id. Or. 27, 92 sq.; cf.: libenter etiam copulando verba jungebant, ut sodes pro si audes, sis pro si vis ... ain' pro aisne, nequire pro non quire, malle pro magis velle, nolle pro non velle. Dein etiam saepe et exin pro deinde et exinde dicimus, id. ib. 45, 154: pro vitulā statuis dulcem Aulide natam, Hor S. 2, 3, 199: pro bene sano Ac non incauto fictum astutumque vocamus, id. ib. 1, 3, 61; cf. Suet. Caes. 70: pro ope ferendā sociis pergit ipse ire, etc., Liv. 23, 28, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.; Zumpt, Gram. § 667; cf.: pro eo, ut ipsi ex alieno agro raperent, suas terras, etc., Liv. 22, 1, 2.— b. Esp. freq. in connection with the title of any officer, to denote his substitute' pro consule, pro praetore, pro quaestore, pro magistro, etc. (afterwards joined into one word, as proconsul, propraetor, proquaestor, promagister, etc.), proconsul, proprœtor, proquœstor, vice-director: cum pro consule in Ciliciam proficiscens Athenas venissem, Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 82; cf.: cum L. Philippus pro consulibus eum se mittere dixit, non pro consule, instead of the consuls, not as proconsul, id. Phil. 11, 8, 18: nec pro praetore, Caesarem (vocat), id. ib. 13, 10, 22; Liv. 35, 1. cum Alexandriae pro quaestore essem, Cic. Ac. 2, 4, 11' cf.: litteris Q. Caepionis Bruti pro consule ... Q. Hortensii pro consule opera, etc., id. Phil. 10, 11, 26: P. Terentius operas in portu et scripturā Asiae pro magistro dedit, id. Att. 11, 10, 1; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 169; id. Fam. 13, 65, 1; see also the words proconsul, promagister, propraetor, proquaestor, etc.— c. So of price, penalty, etc., in exchange, in return for: tres minas pro istis duobus dedi, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 138; id. Aul. 3, 3, 8: pro hujus peccatis ego supplicium sufferam, Ter. And. 5, 3, 17: dimidium ejus quod pactus esset, pro carmine daturum, Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 351: pro vitā hominis nisi hominis vita reddatur, non posse deorum inmortalium numen placari, Caes. B. G. 6, 16: id pro immolatis in foro Tarquiniensium Romanis poenae hostibus redditum, Liv. 7, 19, 3: vos, pro paternis sceleribus, poenas date, Sen. Med. 925; Lact. 2, 7, 21: pro crimine poenas, Ov. Ib. 621.— 3. Pro is also frequently used to denote the viewing, judging, considering, representing of a thing as something, for, the same as, just as, as: pro sano loqueris, quom me appellas nomine, Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 24: sese ducit pro adulescentulo, id. Stich. 3, 1, 65; id. Cist. 1, 3, 24: hunc Eduxi a parvulo, habui, amavi pro meo, as my own, Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 23: Cato ille noster qui mihi unus est pro centum milibus, whose voice I regard as equal to that of thousands, Cic. Att. 2, 5, 1: Siciliam nobis non pro penariā cellā, sed pro aerario fuisse, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 2, § 5: P. Sestio pro occiso relictus est, id. Sest. 38, 81; Caes. B. G. 3, 109: cum pro damnato mortuoque esset, as good as condemned and dead, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 15, § 33: summa ratio, quae sapientibus pro necessitate est, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 3: negotia pro solatiis accipiens, Tac. A. 4, 13: consuli pro hostibus esse, Liv. 43, 5, 4: adeo incredibilis visa res, ut non pro vano modo, sed vix pro sano nuncius audiretur, as a boaster, Liv. 39, 49: quoniam de adventu Caesaris pro certo habebamus, to consider as certain, Mat. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 15, 6 et saep.; v. certus.— 4. Esp. in certain phrases: pro eo, for the same thing, as just the same: ut si a Caesare, quod speramus, impetrarimus, tuo beneficio nos id consecutos esse judicemus: sin minus, pro eo tantum id habeamus, cum a te data sit opera, ut impetraremus, Cic. Fam. 13, 7, 5.—With the particles of comparison: atque (ac), ac si, quasi, just the same as, even as, as though: pro eo ac debui, just as was my duty, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 1: pro eo ac si concessum sit, Cic. Inv. 1, 32, 54: pro eo est atque si adhibitus non esset, Dig. 28, 1, 22: pro eo erit quasi ne legatum quidem sit, ib. 30, 1, 38: pro eo quod, for the reason that, because: pro eo quod ejus nomen erat magnā apud omnes gloriā, Cic. de Or. 2, 18, 75: pro eo quod pluribus verbis vos quam volui fatigavi, veniam a vobis petitam velim, Liv 38, 49 fin.— 5. On account of, for the sake of: dolor pro patriā, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 24: tumultus pro recuperandā re publicā, id. Brut. 90, 311 dub. (B. and K. omit pro): dedit pro corpore nummos, i. e. to rescue his person, Hor. S. 1, 2, 43: aliquem amare pro ejus eximiā suavitate, Cic. de Or 1, 55, 234: pro quibus meritis quanto opere dilectus sit, Suet. Aug. 57: cum pro incolumitate principis vota susceperunt, Tac. A. 4, 17: pro bono (= bene), Sall. J. 22, 4.— 6. Pro is used in its most general sense in stating the relation between two objects or actions, in proportion, in comparison with, according to or as, conformably to, by virtue of, for, etc.: meus pater nunc pro hujus verbis recte et sapienter facit, according to his story, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 133: tu pro oratione nec vir nec mulier mihi's, id. Rud. 4, 4, 71: pro viribus tacere ac fabulari, according to one's ability, Enn. ap. Non. 475, 4 (Trag. v. 181 Vahl.): facere certum'st pro copiā ac sapientiā, Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 8: agere pro viribus, Cic. Sen. 9, 27: aliquem pro dignitate laudare, id. Rosc. Am. 12, 33: proelium atrocius quam pro numero pugnantium fuit, Liv. 21, 29: pro imperio, by virtue of his office or authority: quia pro imperio palam interfici non poterat, Liv. 1, 51, 2; hence, imperatively, dictatorially, summarily: nec illum ipsum submovere pro imperio posse more majorum, id. 2, 56, 12' hem! satis pro imperio, quisquis es, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 18: pro tuā prudentiā, Cic. Fam. 4, 10, 2; 11, 12, 2: cum in eam rationem pro suo quisque sensu ac dolore loqueretur, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 69: quibus aliquid opis fortasse ego pro meā, tu pro tuā, pro suā quisque parte ferre potuisset, id. Fam. 15, 15, 3: pro virili parte, according to one's ability, id. Sest. 66, 138; Liv. praef. 2; Ov. Tr. 5, 11, 23. —Esp. freq.: pro ratā parte and pro ratā, in proportion, proportionably; v. ratus: pro se quisque, each according to his ability, each one for himself, Cic. Off. 3, 14, 58; Caes. B. G. 2, 25; Verg. A. 12, 552 et saep.: pro tempore et pro re, according to time and circumstances, Caes. B. G. 5, 8: pro facultatibus, Nep. Epam. 3, 5.—Pro eo, quantum, or ut, in proportion to, as, according to, according as: eāque pro eo, quantum in quoque sit ponderis, esse aestimanda, Cic. Fin. 4, 21, 58: equidem pro eo, quanti te facio, quicquid feceris, approbabo, id. Fam. 3, 3, 2: tamen pro eo ut temporis difficultas tulit, etc., L. Metell. ap. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 54, § 126.!*? In composition the o is long in some words, in others short (through the influence of the Gr. προ-): prōdeo, prŏfiteor; and even in words borrowed from the Greek, as prōlogus.—Its signification has reference either to place, before, forwards; or to protection, for; procedo, procurro, profanus; procuro, propugno, prosum, protego.
prōnē Copy link • prōnē (pronus), adv., en étant penché en avant : Cæs. G. 4, 17, 4 || tête baissée : Paul. Petric. Mart. 4, 546 || -nius inclinati Amm. 30, 8, 10, plus portés à.
prō Copy link Outline I en composition :a) en avant, avant :b) pour :c) à la place de :d) en proportion :II prép. abl.,1 devant : siégeant devant le temple de Castor ; faire avancer les ...2 du haut de et en avant : sur les degrés des temples ...3 pour, en faveur de : pour qqn (qqch.)4 pour, à la place de, au lieu de : opposer des chariots ...5 pour = comme [identité]: laissé pour mort, cf. comme transfuge, en jouant ...6 pour, en retour de : donner qqch. pour un poème, cf.7 en proportion de : proportionnellement au nombre des ennemis, cf. faire dans ...8 en raison de, en vertu de : en raison de ta sagesse, ... ⓘprō | ne: (adverb) · (prep) • 1 prō (prō- et prōd-, cf. re- et red-, se- et sed-). I. en composition : a) en avant, avant : procedo, profero, prodeo, proavus ; b) pour : prosum ; c) à la place de : proconsul ; d) en proportion : proquam, prout. II. prép. abl., 1. devant : sedens pro æde Castoris Cic. Phil. 3, 27, siégeant devant le temple de Castor ; pro castris copias producere Cæs. G. 1, 48, faire avancer les troupes devant le camp 2. du haut de et en avant : pro templis Cic. Mil. 2, sur les degrés des temples ; pro tribunali Cic. Pis. 11, du haut du tribunal, cf. Cæs. G. 6, 3, 6 ; Sall. J. 67, 1 ; Liv. 21, 7, 8 || sur le devant, devant : pro contione Sall. J. 8, 2, devant l'assemblée, cf. Curt. 10, 5, 10, etc.; Liv. 7, 7, 3, etc.; pro consilio Sall. J. 29, 6, devant le conseil 3. pour, en faveur de : pro aliquo (aliqua re) Cic. Clu. 88, CM 11, pour qqn (qqch.) 4. pour, à la place de, au lieu de : pro vallo carros objicere Cæs. G. 1, 26, 3, opposer des chariots en guise de retranchement, cf. Cæs. G. 3, 29, 1, etc. ; pro magistro est quidam L. Carpinatius Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 169, il y a tenant la place du maître [comme sous-directeur] un certain L. Carpinatius ; pro consule Cic. de Or. 1, 82 ; pro quæstore Cic. Ac. 2, 11, en qualité de proconsul, de proquesteur, v. proconsul, proprætor, s. v. pro prætor, etc. ; Cato qui mihi unus est pro centum milibus Cic. Att. 2, 5, 1, Caton qui à lui seul en remplace pour moi cent mille 5. pour = comme [identité]: pro occiso relictus Cic. Sest. 81, laissé pour mort, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 33 ; pro perfuga Cæs. G. 3, 18, 3, comme transfuge, en jouant le rôle de transfuge, aliquid pro certo ponere Cæs. G. 7, 5, 6, avancer qqch. comme certain ; pro explorato, pro re comperta habere, v. ces mots 6. pour, en retour de : aliquid pro carmine dare Cic. de Or. 2, 351, donner qqch. pour un poème, cf. Cæs. G. 6, 16, 3, 7. en proportion de : pro hostium numero Cæs. G. 1, 51, 1, proportionnellement au nombre des ennemis, cf. Cæs. G. 1, 2, 5 ; agere pro viribus Cic. CM 27, faire dans la mesure de ses forces ; pro mea, pro tua parte Cic. Fam. 15, 15, 3, pour ma, ta part, dans la mesure de mes, de tes moyens ; pro se quisque Cic. Off. 3, 58, chacun pour sa part ; pro tempore et pro re Cæs. G. 5, 8, 1, conformément au temps et aux circonstances, cf. Cæs. G. 7, 56, 4 ; 7, 74, 1 ; copiæ majores quam pro reliquiis belli Liv. 29, 32, 3, troupes trop nombreuses par rapport à ce qui restait de guerre || pro eo ac Cic. Cat. 4, 3, en proportion de ce que, dans la mesure où, cf. Sulp. Ruf. d. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 1 ; pro eo ac si Cic. Inv. 1, 54, dans la même proportion que si, comme si ; pro eo, quantum Cic. Fin. 4, 58, en proportion de ce qui...; pro eo quanti te facio Cic. Fam. 3, 3, 2, en proportion de l'estime que j'ai pour toi 8. en raison de, en vertu de : pro tua prudentia Cic. Fam. 4, 10, 2, en raison de ta sagesse, cf. Cic. Mur. 86 ; pro suffragio Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 127, en vertu du vote, par l'effet du vote.
prō Copy link Outline 1 [avec voc.] : oh, tout-puissant Jupiter ! ah ! dieux immortels ! ...2 [acc.] que les dieux et les hommes m'assistent, v. fides, fin || ...3 [seul] hélas ! : nous dégénérons, hélas ! au point que, cf. ... ⓘprō | ne: (adverb) · (prep) • 2 prō (moins bon proh), interj., oh ! ah ! 1. [avec voc.] : pro supreme Juppiter ! Ter. Ad. 196, oh, tout-puissant Jupiter ! pro dii immortales ! Cic. Pomp. 33, ah ! dieux immortels ! cf. Cic. Phil. 2, 32 2. [acc.] pro deum hominumque fidem ! Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 7, que les dieux et les hommes m'assistent, v. fides, fin || [avec ellipse de fidem] : pro deum immortalium ! Ter. Phorm. 351, que les immortels m'assistent ! 3. [seul] hélas ! : tantum, pro ! degeneramus... ut Liv. 22, 14, 6, nous dégénérons, hélas ! au point que, cf. Curt. 4, 16, 10 ; Ov. H. 3, 98.
prōnus Copy link Outline 1 penché en avant : se penchant en avant pour stimuler les chevaux ...2 en pente, incliné : chemin en pente ; descendre une pente ; ...3 [en parl. d'un astre] qui descend à l'horizon, qui décline : || ...4 [fig.]a) incliné vers, porté vers, enclin à [avec ad ] : || [avec ...b) bien disposé, bienveillant, favorable : avec des oreilles favorables ; bien disposé ...c) facile, aisé : [ils pensaient] que tout était facile pour leur courage, ... ⓘprōnē: adverbialprōne: masc/neut voc sg • prōnus, a, um (pro), 1. penché en avant : pronus pendens in verbera Virg. En. 10, 586, se penchant en avant pour stimuler les chevaux ; pronus volvitur in caput Virg. En. 1, 116, il roule la tête en avant ; pecora, quæ natura prona finxit Sall. C. 1, 1, les bêtes que la nature a courbées vers la terre, cf. Ov. M. 1, 84 ; 8, 379 ; Juv. 15, 147 || ilex paulum prona Sall. J. 93, 4, chêne-vert un peu penché en avant ; motus corporis pronus Cic. Div. 1, 120, mouvement du corps en avant ; pronus currus Ov. M. 5, 424, le char qui s'incline en avant, qui s'enfonce ; nihil proni habere Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, n'avoir rien qui aille vers le bas [oppos. à superus] 2. en pente, incliné : prona via Ov. M. 2, 67, chemin en pente ; per pronum ire Sen. Ep. 123, 14, descendre une pente ; in prono Liv. 21, 36, 7, sur un terrain en pente ; pl. n., prona montis Curt. 7, 11, 3, pentes d'une montagne || pronus amnis Virg. G. 1, 203, rivière dont le cours est en pente, au cours rapide || urbs prona in paludes Liv. 4, 59, 4, ville qui va en pente vers des marais ; pronior orienti Col. Rust. 1, 5, 8, plus incliné vers l'orient 3. [en parl. d'un astre] qui descend à l'horizon, qui décline : Hor. O. 3, 27, 18 ; Prop. 1, 16, 23 ; Ov. M. 11, 257 || [en parl. du temps] pronus annus Hor. P. 60, le déclin de l'année, l'automne ; proni menses Hor. O. 4, 6, 39, les mois qui fuient 4. [fig.] a) incliné vers, porté vers, enclin à [avec ad] : Cic. Rep. 2, 47 ; 2, 68 ; Suet. Nero 50 || [avec in acc.] Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 10 ; Suet. Cæs. 50 || [av. dat.] : aures offensioni proniores Tac. Ann. 4, 29, oreilles assez promptes à s'offenser, cf. Tac. Agr. 41 || [avec gén.] Luc. 1, 461 ; b) bien disposé, bienveillant, favorable : pronis auribus Tac. H. 1, 1, avec des oreilles favorables ; pronus in aliquem Tac. H. 1, 13 ; alicui Suet. Galba 12, bien disposé pour qqn ; c) facile, aisé : omnia virtuti suæ prona esse Sall. J. 114, 2, [ils pensaient] que tout était facile pour leur courage, cf. Tac. Agr. 33 ; iter pronum ad honores Plin. Min. Ep. 8, 10, 3, chemin qui conduit facilement aux honneurs ; consilium pronius ad fidem Liv. 21, 28, 6, résolution plus croyable ; pronum est avec inf., il est facile de : Tac. Agr. 1 ; Luc. 6, 606.
pro Copy link ⓘprō | ne: (adverb) · (prep) PRO [2] [ὑπὲρ] Praep. Ablatiuo casui seruiens. […] 🗁 Page Scan
pronus Copy link ⓘprōnē: adverbialprōne: masc/neut voc sg PRONVS a, um. Adi. [πρηνὴς, καταφερὴς, καταπρηνὴς] In anteriorem partem flexus. […] 🗁 Page Scan
prone Copy link Outline I. Leaning forward, with the face to the groundII. Inclined to1. prōnus (foll. by ad or in and acc.2. prōpensus, prōclīvis • prone: I. Leaning forward, with the face to the ground: prōnus: he rolls p. on his head, p. volvitur in caput, Virg. Aen. 1, 115: Sall. Cat. 1. See also headlong. II. Inclined to: 1. prōnus (foll. by ad or in and acc.: in Cic., denoting natural tending towards rather than propensity properly so called): too p. to complaisance, in obsequium plus aequo p., Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 10: Suet.: cf. Cic. Rep. 2, 26, fr., anxitudo pr. ad luctum. 2. prōpensus, prōclīvis: v. inclined. (All the above words, like the Eng., are naturally most frequently used of evil tendency.)
PRONE Copy link • PRONETending downward, devexus; declivis or declivus; inclinatus. Inclined, pronus (general term): proclivis (commonly to something good): propensus (commonly to something bad). Vid: “INCLINED TO.