defeat (v.) Copy link Outline I. To gain a victory overII. To frustrate, baffle (q. v.)1. frango, frēgi, fractum, 32. frustror, 13. disturbo, 1 (to introduce confusion, upset)4. disjĭcio, jēci, jectum, 3 (similar to disturbo)5. (in pass.)III. In special sense • defeat (v.): I. To gain a victory over: vinco, dēvinco (stronger than simple verb), sŭpĕro, pello, etc.: v. to conquer, overcome, beat. Phr.: to be d.'d (in a candidateship), repulsam ferre (a populo), Cic.: v. defeat (subs.). II. To frustrate, baffle (q. v.): 1. frango, frēgi, fractum, 3: to d. the plans of these bad men, horum perditorum consilia f., Cic.: v. to baffle. 2. frustror, 1: v. to frustrate. 3. disturbo, 1 (to introduce confusion, upset): Cic. 4. disjĭcio, jēci, jectum, 3 (similar to disturbo): to d. plans, consilia d., Liv.: Cic. 5. (in pass.): expr. by frustra esse; ad irritum cadere, redigi: v. to frustrate (fin.). Phr.: to d. the wishes of the dead, voluntates mortuorum rescindere, Cic.: v. to rescind, annul, confound, overthrow. III. In special sense: of a measure proposed: antīquo, 1 (lit. to prefer the old): to d. a bill, rogationem antiquare, Cic.
defeat (subs.) Copy link Outline I. Military1. clādes (a great defeat)2. adversa pugna or adversum proelium3. fŭga (a flight, rout)4. Often better expr. by a verbII. Non-military1. rĕpulsa (only of candidates)2. (Of the defeat of a measure) • defeat (subs.): I. Military: 1. clādes (a great defeat): Cic.: Liv.: v. disaster. 2. adversa pugna or adversum proelium: Liv.: Caes. (The latter author has in similar sense the euphemisms, detrimentum, incommodum.) 3. fŭga (a flight, rout): to inflict (on the enemy) a tremendous d., ingentem fugam dare, Liv.: also facere, id.: but fuga should be used only in referring to an actual battle of which it forms a feature. 4. Often better expr. by a verb: as, the Locri had inflicted a severe d. on the Crotoniates, Crotoniatas Locri maximo proelio devicerant, Nep.: to suffer a d., acie fundi, Front.: v. to conquer, rout. Phr.: not by d.s but by victories, non offensionibus belli sed victoriis, Cic.: (we) have suffered a d., male pugnatum est, Liv. II. Non-military: as, in a candidateship, or a measure proposed: 1. rĕpulsa (only of candidates): ignominious d., sordida r., Hor.: a d. in suing for the edileship, r. aedilicia, Cic.: to sustain a d., r. ferre (a populo), Cic.; also referre (in slightly different sense), id. Off., 1, 39, 138. 2. (Of the defeat of a measure): expr. by part. of v. antīquo: as, by the d. of this measure, *hac lege antiquata: no greater calamity could happen than the d. of this measure, *nullum majus incommodum accipi posset quam ut haec lex antiquaretur: v. defeat (v.).
DEFEAT Copy link • DEFEAT 1. v. Conquer (Vid :), vincere; superare; the enemy, hostem fundere fugareque; alicui cladem afferre, or inferre; aliquem prosternere; alicui detrimentum inferre. To frustrate, ad vanum, or ad irritum, or ad vanum et irritum redigere: disturbare (e.g., a marriage, nuptias): disjicere (e.g., an affair, rem; plans, consilia, Liv.): discutere (e.g., rem, Cic., ; consilia, etc.). (The words are found in this connection and order.) discutere et comprimere: to completely defeat anybody’s plans, conturbare alicui omnes rationes: to defeat anybody’s hopes, spem fallere, ludere, destituere: one’s hopes are defeated, spes ad irritum cadit or redigitur, or by spe excidere; a spe decidere; spe dejici: if my hopes are defeated, si spes destituat: to be defeated, irritum fieri; ad irritum cadere or recidere, or venire: unless some accident had defeated his plans, nisi aliqui casus ejus consilium peremisset: death defeats all one’s hopes and plans, omnem spem atque omnia vitae consilia mors pervertit. Resist with success; to defeat an attack, impetum ferre (to stand it): impetum (hostium) propulsare (to stand it, and also drive the enemy back). To defeat or annul, aliquid rescindere (e.g., a will, contract, verdict, etc.); aliquid irritum facere. Vid: ANNUL. 2. s. Overthrow, the state of an army completely routed, clades (general term): strages (the defeat of the enemy, when heaps are slain): internecio (a defeat, in which all are slain to a man, no quarter being given): cf., when the Romans speak of a defeat which they themselves have suffered, they employ euphemistic expressions, such as adversa pugna, or adversum proelium (Vid: Liv., 8, 31; 7, 29), or incommodum (Vid: Cic., Lael. 3, 10; Caes. B.G., 1, 3), or detrimentum (Vid: Caes., B.G., 5, 52; 6, 34, etc.), or calamitas (Vid: Cic., Brut., 3, 12. Caes., B.G., 1, 30; Liv., 2, 12): to inflict a defeat, stragem dare, or edere, or facere; on anybody; [Vid: To DEFEAT]: a great defeat, aliquem ingenti caede prosternere: to inflict a complete defeat on anybody, aliquem ad internecionem caedere: to suffer a defeat, cladem pugnae, or merely cladem, or calamitatem, or incommodum, or detrimentum accipere: a complete defeat, ad internecionem caedi, or deleri; ad internecionem venire: if we should suffer a defeat, si adversa pugna evenerit. Defeat, or complete frustration, frustratio alicujus rei (e.g., legis, Liv., [the making it practically of no effect]; and absolutely. Not Cic.; Planc. ap. Cic., Varr.): deletio; exstinctio; eversio.