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S&H Smith & Hall (3)

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• low (adj.):

I. In a depressed position:

1. hŭmĭlis, e (denoting usu. that which itself has little altitude: but also in pres. sense): in the l.est ground, humillimo solo, Just. 2, 1: l. (= flying low) with clipt wings, decisis humilem pennis, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 50: Virg.
2. dēmissus: l. marshy ground, loca d. ac palustria, Caes. B. C. 3, 49.
3. dēpressus: to pitch a camp in l. ground, d. loco castra ponere, Front. 1. 5, 24. Join: humilis et depressus, Plin. Ep. 9, 26, 2.
4. in compar. degree, infĕrior, us (for use of positive see lower, adj.): from the l.er ground, ex inferiore loco, Caes. B. C. 2, 25: Cic. So, lowest, infĭmus or īmus: that the earth is the l.est (body), terram esse infimam, Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 17: Caes.: to change highest to l.est, ima summis mutare, Hor. Od. 1, 34, fin. Phr.: the l. and level parts of the city, jacentia et plana urbis loca, Tac. H. 1. 86: along the l. (level) ground, per plana, Plin. Ep. 9, 26, 2.

II. Having in itself little height:

1. hŭmĭlis: a l. tower, turris h., Caes. B. C. 2, 8: Virg.
2. dēmissus (rare in this sense): to swim across (a river) where the banks were l.er, demissioribus ripis tranare, Auct. B. Alex. 29.

III. Of the tide: Phr.: at l. water, *aestus recessu (decessu); ubi aestus recessit: v. tide.
IV. Of sounds: (i.) low-pitched: grăvis, e: opp. to acutus (sonus), Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251. In superl. (besides gravissimus), infimus or imus: Hor. S. 1, 3, 8. (ii.) not loud: summissus: in a l. tone, s. voce, Cic. Or. 17, 56: a l. murmur, s. murmur, Quint. 11, 3, 45. Adv. summisse, in a l. quiet tone: Cic. To speak in a l. tone, mussare, mussitare, Liv.: see also to whisper, mutter.
V. Of price, cheap: vīlis, e: v. cheap. To be l., jacēre: Cic. Att. 9, 9.
VI. Humble, obscure: hŭmĭlis, obscūrus, etc.: v. humble (I.). Phr.: people of a l.er class, qui tenuioris ordinis sunt, Cic. Leg. 3, 13, 30.
VII. Degraded, mean:

1. turpis: v. base.
2. sordĭdus (esp. with ref. to low, shabby conduct): the l.est of the low, sordidissimus quisque, Liv. 1, 47, fin.: v. mean.
3. inquīnātus (foul, polluted): a l. verse, versus i., Cic. Or. 49, 163.
4. abjectus (without dignity): Cic. opt. gen. Or. 3, 7. Phr.: to pick up a piece of l. abuse, maledictum ex trivio arripere, Cic. Mur. 6, 13: l. expressions, verba ex triviis petita, cf. Hor. A. P. 245; ignominiosa dicta, ib. 247. (Plebeius sermo denotes simply plain, homely diction; not low: so, trivialis.) See also vulgar.

VIII. Depressed, wanting animation: Phr.: in l. spirits, tristis, moestus: v. sad. See also to discourage.
IX. Nearly exhausted: expr. by dēfĭcio, 3: the supply of provisions was l., *deficiebat res frumentaria: or parum sufficiebat: v. to fail.

low (adv.) Copy link

Outline

I. Not aloft
1. hŭmĭlĭter
2. expr. by hŭmĭlis, e (cf. L. G. § 343)
3. dēmissē
4. as compar. infĕrius (lower)
II. In a suppressed voice

• low (adv.):

I. Not aloft:

1. hŭmĭlĭter: Plin. Ep. 6, 24, 1 (humillime deprimi, fig.): Pall.
2. expr. by hŭmĭlis, e (cf. L. G. § 343): the bird flies l., avis h. volat, Virg. Aen. 4, 255.
3. dēmissē: Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 23.
4. as compar. infĕrius (lower): Ov. M. 2, 137.

II. In a suppressed voice: summissē, summissa voce: v. low, adj. (IV.).

low (v.) Copy link

• low (v.): mūgio, 4: Liv. Also, mugitum edere, Ov. M. 7, 597; dare, id. F. 1, 560; tollere, Virg. Aen. 2, 223.

R&A Riddle & Arnold (1)

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LOW Copy link

• LOW

adj.
PROP., not high, humilis (opposed to altus): depressus (post-Augustan; opposed to editus): demissus (sunken). A low country, loca demissa (with palustria): low shore, ripae demissiores (Auct., B. Alex.): a house in a very low situation, domus depressa, caeca, jacens (Cic., Fr.): to be in a low situation, in loco demisso (depresso) situm esse: the lower town, plana urbs (Tac.): low water [Vid: EBB].
Figuratively. (a) Of the tones of the voice, etc., (bass) gravis (Cic.); depressus (Auct., ad Hor.); inferioris soni (gentle, suppressed): lenis (opposed to gravis): suppressus, summissus (opposed to magnus, contentus, clarus). To speak in a low tone, summisse, summissa or suppressa voce loqui, dicere summittere vocem or verba (Vid: Cic., Divin. in Caecil., 13, 48; Sen., Ep., 11, 5): mussare (to mutter): susurrare (to whisper): to speak in a low tone to anybody, ad aurem familiariter insusurrare (Vid: Cic., II: Verr., 5, 41, 107): to ask one another in a low tone, mussantes inter se rogare (Liv., 7, 25). (b) In price, vilis. A low price, pretium vile or parvum: to buy at a low price, parvo, or vili (pretio) aliquid emere; pauco aere aliquid emere: what is the lowest you will take? quanti emi potest minimo? tell me the lowest price, indica, fac pretium minimo daturus cui sis: to be low, jacere: prices are low, jacent pretia (e.g. praediorum, Cic.). (c) In rank or estimation, humilis; ignobilis; obscurus (Cic.): sordidus (Liv., a stronger word): to be of low origin, natum esse obscuro, humili, or ignobili loco (Cic.), sordido loco (Liv.); parentibus humilibus natum esse (Cic.): of the lowest class, (homines) infimi ordinis (Cic.) or generis (Liv.); infimae sortis (Cic.): to raise one from the lowest post to the highest rank, ex humili loco perducere aliquem ad summam dignitatem (Cic.). (d) In mind or sentiment, humilis; abjectus; illiberalis; sordidus (e.g., animus). (e) In expression, humilis. A low word, verbum humile: low language, sermo plebeius (Cic., Fam., 9, 21, 1; opposed to sermo politus, ornatus, elegans). (f) Badly furnished or provided; e.g., to be low in the purse, imparatum esse a pecunia.

adverb,
PROP., humiliter (or by the adjective neuter).
Figuratively. (a) Of the voice, demissius (e.g., to begin low), demissius ordiri; demittere principium (Bau.); (in singing) gravius ordiri; demissiore sono incipere cantum.

3. v. (as cattle) mugire.

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