guard (subs.) Copy link Outline I. Defence, protection1. custōdia (most gen. term)2. tūtēla3. praesĭdium (strictly military)II. The person or persons employed to guard1. custos, ōdis, c. (most general term)2. sătelles, ĭtis (of a person of rank)3. custōdia (abstr. for concr.4. praesĭdium (a body of men protecting a place)5. stătio6. vĭgĭliae, arum (a nightly watch)7. excŭbiae, arum (keeping watch both by night and by day)III. In fencingIV. Of a cutting instrument (to protect the user) • guard (subs.): I. Defence, protection: 1. custōdia (most gen. term): they left 6000 men for the g. and defence of that baggage, iis impedimentis custodiae ac praesidio sex millia hominum reliquerunt, Caes. B. G. 2, 29: Cic.: to mount g. over the city, c. urbis agere, Liv. 5, 10, med.; c. agitare, Pl. Rud. 3, 6, 20: v. custody. 2. tūtēla: v. protection, guardianship. 3. praesĭdium (strictly military): defence and g. of the province, propugnaculum p.que provinciae, Cic. Verr. 3, 80, 186: v. protection. Phr.: (i). to mount g.: (1). custodiam ago: v. supr. (1). (2). excŭbias ago (by night and by day: esp. as a mark of honour to a person of rank): Tac. H. 4, 58: in same sense, ex. servare, Tac. A. 13, 18. (3). expr. by stătio and a verb (esp. of picquets or outposts): those who were on g. in front of the camp, qui erant in s. pro castris collocati, Caes. B. G. 5, 15: to mount g. in the camp, s. in castris agere, Tac. H. 1, 28, 29: g. was mounted before the gates, stationes ante portas dispositae, Liv.: v. picquet. (4). excŭbo, ui, ĭtum, 1 (= excubias ago, supr.): two legions continually mounted g. in front of the camp, duae semper legiones pro castris excubabant, Caes. B. G. 7, 24: to mount g. before the king's tent, ad praetorium ex., Curt. 6, 8, ad fin. (5). vĭgĭlo, 1 (only of night-watching): v. to watch (cf. Curt. l. c.). (ii). to be on one's guard; in non-milit. sense: (1). căveo, cāvi, cautum, 2 (with acc. of that against which): to be on one's g. against everything, omnia c., Cic.: also with prep. ab and abl.: to be on one's g. against poison, c. a veneno, Cic. Fin. 5, 22, fin.: v. to beware of. (2). praecăveo (to be on one's g. beforehand: constr. same as simple verb): to be on one's g. lest anything happen, p. ne quid accidat, Caes. Phr.: be well on your g., hanc rem age! Pl. (iii). off one's g.: (1). incautus: Trebonius when off his g. was overpowered by the enemy, T. oppressus est ab hoste incautus, Cic. Ph. 11, 2, 5: to surprise any one when off his g., in aliquem incautum [atque imparatum] incidere, Caes. B. G. 6, 30. (2). imprūdens, ntis: to attack the enemy when off their g. and not expecting it, im. atque inopinantes hostes aggredi, Caes. B. C. 2, 38; imparatos im.que offendere, Nep. Ages. 2. II. The person or persons employed to guard: 1. custos, ōdis, c. (most general term): to place g.s over any one, alicui c. ponere, Caes.: g. and defender of the province, c. defensorque provinciae, Cic.: the g.s of one's person, custodes corporis, Nep. Fig.: laws the most careful g.s of modesty, leges diligentissimae pudoris c., Quint.: v. guardian. 2. sătelles, ĭtis (of a person of rank): v. bodyguard. 3. custōdia (abstr. for concr.: a body of men acting as sentries or g.s): they could not cross over unobserved on account of the g.s, clam transire propter custodias non poterant, Caes. B. G. 4, 4. Join: praesidiis, custodiis, vigiliis [munitus], Cic. Cat. 1, 3, 8. 4. praesĭdium (a body of men protecting a place): to station g.s and picquets, praesidia custodiasque disponere, Caes.: Cic.: v. garrison. 5. stătio: v. picquet, outpost. 6. vĭgĭliae, arum (a nightly watch): v. watch, sentry. 7. excŭbiae, arum (keeping watch both by night and by day): to pass through the g.s (by night), excubias transire, Tac. A. 14, 44. III. In fencing: a posture of defence. Phr.: *stătus s. gestus ad defendendos ictus aptus: to have a good g., *habilem ad defendendos ictus esse. IV. Of a cutting instrument (to protect the user): (?) scūtŭium manuale.
guard (v.) Copy link Outline 1. custōdio, 4 (in most senses)2. tuĕor, tŭĭtus, 2 (to look to and defend)3. praesĭdeo, sēdi, 2 (to be entrusted with the safety of • guard (v.): 1. custōdio, 4 (in most senses): to g. the sea-coast with twenty ships of war, maritimam oram viginti navibus longis c., Liv.: to g. a province, provinciam c., Cic.: to g. any one from injury, c. aliquem ab injuria, Quint.: to form and g. modesty, pudorem formare et c., Quint. 2. tuĕor, tŭĭtus, 2 (to look to and defend): to g. a camp and carefully defend it, t. castra et diligenter defendere, Caes. B. C. 3, 93: to g. a house against thieves, domum a furibus t., Phaedr. 3, 7, 10: Cic.: v. to defend, maintain. Frequent., tūtor, 1 (to guard habitually, attentively): v. to protect. 3. praesĭdeo, sēdi, 2 (to be entrusted with the safety of: with dat.: also later, acc.): to g. the capital, urbi p., Liv. 22, 11, extr.: Cic.: to g. the coast of Gaul, Galliae litus p., Tac. 4, 5, init. See also preced. art. (I, Phr.).
GUARD Copy link • GUARD 1. v. custodire (the proper word, from or against anything, ab aliqua re or contra aliquid; also, IMPROP. = observare): servare: asservare (to take care of, to watch): munire (to protect against anything, ab aliqua re, contra or adversus aliquid): tegere: protegere (ab aliqua re or contra aliquid; Vid: also, To DEFEND). To guard the defiles by a strong redoubt, fauces regionis valido munimento sepire: to guard anything against fire, aliquid contra ignem firmare; against frost and the weather, a frigore et tempestate munire; contra frigorum aestusque injuriam tueri (e.g., the head): to guard against anything [Vid: “to be on one’s GUARD,” s.] : to guard against the cold, a frigore se defendere: to guard the house, domum servare or custodire: to be guarded, custodiri; in custodia esse: to have anything guarded, custodem (custodes) imponere alicui rei, seldom in re; anybody, alicui (never in aliquo; Vid: Bremi, Nep., Cim., 4, 1); custodias alicui circumdare: to have a place guarded, locum custodiis munire. 2. s. The act of keeping or preservng, conservatio: custodia (a watching). Man or men posted to guard a place, custos (general term); vigil (nocturnus, by night): excubitor (Vid: plur., below). Guards, custodia: custodes (general terms); excubitores: excubiae (for the security of a place, as well by day as by night; also the right term for sentinels before a palace); vigiliae: vigiles (at night; patrols); statio: stationes (outposts; pickets; especially in the day). To post guards, custodias, or vigilias, or stationes disponere. The office or state of being a guard, vigiliae: statio [SYN. above]. To be going to mount guard, excubiae in stationem procedunt; milites in stationes succedunt; *in stationum vices succedere (the last of the soldiers that relieve the posts): to come off guard, de statione decedere: to be on guard (of a soldier), excubare or excubias agere (general term); vigilias agere (at night); stationem agere: in statione esse: stationem habere (to be on duty, to be posted as sentinel): stationem regere or stationi praeesse (of the officer): the officer on guard, *stationi praefectus or praepositus. A soldier belonging to the life-guards, miles praetorianus (Silver Age). State of readiness to ward off an attack, cautio. To be on one’s guard against anything or anybody, cavere aliquid or aliquem (sibi) cavere ab aliqua re or ab aliquo; also, with ne, ut: one must be on one’s guard, cauto or praecauto opus est: to be on one’s guard against treachery, cavere insidias or praecavere ab insidiis: to be on one’s guard, cavere: cavere sibi: animum attendere ad cavendum. In fencing, ictus propulsatio. Part of the hilt of a sword, *scutulum capulare.