guard (subs.) Copy link Outline I. Defence, protection1. custōdia (most gen. term)2. tūtēla3. praesĭdium (strictly military)II. The person or persons employed to guard1. custos, ōdis, c. (most general term)2. sătelles, ĭtis (of a person of rank)3. custōdia (abstr. for concr.4. praesĭdium (a body of men protecting a place)5. stătio6. vĭgĭliae, arum (a nightly watch)7. excŭbiae, arum (keeping watch both by night and by day)III. In fencingIV. Of a cutting instrument (to protect the user) • guard (subs.): I. Defence, protection: 1. custōdia (most gen. term): they left 6000 men for the g. and defence of that baggage, iis impedimentis custodiae ac praesidio sex millia hominum reliquerunt, Caes. B. G. 2, 29: Cic.: to mount g. over the city, c. urbis agere, Liv. 5, 10, med.; c. agitare, Pl. Rud. 3, 6, 20: v. custody. 2. tūtēla: v. protection, guardianship. 3. praesĭdium (strictly military): defence and g. of the province, propugnaculum p.que provinciae, Cic. Verr. 3, 80, 186: v. protection. Phr.: (i). to mount g.: (1). custodiam ago: v. supr. (1). (2). excŭbias ago (by night and by day: esp. as a mark of honour to a person of rank): Tac. H. 4, 58: in same sense, ex. servare, Tac. A. 13, 18. (3). expr. by stătio and a verb (esp. of picquets or outposts): those who were on g. in front of the camp, qui erant in s. pro castris collocati, Caes. B. G. 5, 15: to mount g. in the camp, s. in castris agere, Tac. H. 1, 28, 29: g. was mounted before the gates, stationes ante portas dispositae, Liv.: v. picquet. (4). excŭbo, ui, ĭtum, 1 (= excubias ago, supr.): two legions continually mounted g. in front of the camp, duae semper legiones pro castris excubabant, Caes. B. G. 7, 24: to mount g. before the king's tent, ad praetorium ex., Curt. 6, 8, ad fin. (5). vĭgĭlo, 1 (only of night-watching): v. to watch (cf. Curt. l. c.). (ii). to be on one's guard; in non-milit. sense: (1). căveo, cāvi, cautum, 2 (with acc. of that against which): to be on one's g. against everything, omnia c., Cic.: also with prep. ab and abl.: to be on one's g. against poison, c. a veneno, Cic. Fin. 5, 22, fin.: v. to beware of. (2). praecăveo (to be on one's g. beforehand: constr. same as simple verb): to be on one's g. lest anything happen, p. ne quid accidat, Caes. Phr.: be well on your g., hanc rem age! Pl. (iii). off one's g.: (1). incautus: Trebonius when off his g. was overpowered by the enemy, T. oppressus est ab hoste incautus, Cic. Ph. 11, 2, 5: to surprise any one when off his g., in aliquem incautum [atque imparatum] incidere, Caes. B. G. 6, 30. (2). imprūdens, ntis: to attack the enemy when off their g. and not expecting it, im. atque inopinantes hostes aggredi, Caes. B. C. 2, 38; imparatos im.que offendere, Nep. Ages. 2. II. The person or persons employed to guard: 1. custos, ōdis, c. (most general term): to place g.s over any one, alicui c. ponere, Caes.: g. and defender of the province, c. defensorque provinciae, Cic.: the g.s of one's person, custodes corporis, Nep. Fig.: laws the most careful g.s of modesty, leges diligentissimae pudoris c., Quint.: v. guardian. 2. sătelles, ĭtis (of a person of rank): v. bodyguard. 3. custōdia (abstr. for concr.: a body of men acting as sentries or g.s): they could not cross over unobserved on account of the g.s, clam transire propter custodias non poterant, Caes. B. G. 4, 4. Join: praesidiis, custodiis, vigiliis [munitus], Cic. Cat. 1, 3, 8. 4. praesĭdium (a body of men protecting a place): to station g.s and picquets, praesidia custodiasque disponere, Caes.: Cic.: v. garrison. 5. stătio: v. picquet, outpost. 6. vĭgĭliae, arum (a nightly watch): v. watch, sentry. 7. excŭbiae, arum (keeping watch both by night and by day): to pass through the g.s (by night), excubias transire, Tac. A. 14, 44. III. In fencing: a posture of defence. Phr.: *stătus s. gestus ad defendendos ictus aptus: to have a good g., *habilem ad defendendos ictus esse. IV. Of a cutting instrument (to protect the user): (?) scūtŭium manuale.