ground (subs.) Copy link Outline I. Lit.1. hŭmus, i, f.2. sŏlum (the level g.)3. terraII. A place for an engagement, etc.III. Position, advantage1. hostem commŏveo, 2 (to force troops from the ground)2. prōfĭcio, fēci, fectum, 3 (to make progress)3. serpo, psi, ptum, 3 (in non-milit. sense4. percrēbresco, incrēbresco, 3 (of customs, rumour, etc.1. inclīno, pedem rĕfĕro (of troops)2. obsŏlesco, lēvi, lētum, 3IV. Region, sphere of actionV. The basis or groundwork of a picture or tuneVI. Reason or basis of action1. causa2. rătio, ōnis, f.3. lŏcus • ground (subs.): I. Lit.: the earth, soil: 1. hŭmus, i, f.: the g. dyed with blood, h. infecta sanguine, Sall.: Acestes raises his friend from the g., Acestes ab h. tollit amicum, Virg.: humo is also used without prep.: Virg. Aen. 3, 3: to sit on the g., humo sedere, Ov. Met. 4, 261: but see infr.: Punic g., Punica h., Ov. Esp. on or to the g., hŭmī: to lie upon the g., h. jacere, Cic.: a place sunk about 12 feet in the g., locus circiter xii. pedes h. depressus, Sall. Cat. 55: to fling one's body upon the g., h. corpus abjicere, Curt. 10, 5, med.: to fall to the g., h. procumbere, Virg. Aen. 5, 481. 2. sŏlum (the level g.): to level everything with the g., solo omnia aequare, Liv. 24, 47, fin.; to be burnt to the g., ad s. exuri, Liv. 30, 26, med.: Cic. 3. terra: to fall to the g., ad t. accidere, Pl.: to fall to the g. from on horseback, decidere in t. ex equo, Nep. Eum. 4: to pick up stones from the g., saxa de t. tollere, Cic. Caec. 21, 60. II. A place for an engagement, etc.: lŏcus: to give the enemy battle on very disadvantageous g., iniquissimo (nostris) l. proelium committere, Caes.: to clear the g. for an encampment, l. purgare ad castra, Liv. 21, 27, init. III. Position, advantage: in phr. to gain or lose g.: (i). to gain g.: 1. hostem commŏveo, 2 (to force troops from the ground): it chanced that Junius was the first to gain g. of the enemy, prior forte Junius commovit h., Liv. 9, 40, med. 2. prōfĭcio, fēci, fectum, 3 (to make progress): to gain no g. in the siege of a town, nihil in oppugnatione oppidi p., Caes. B. G. 7, 20, fin.: Cic.: to gain much g., multum pr., Nep. Eum. 10. 3. serpo, psi, ptum, 3 (in non-milit. sense: to make gradual, insidious, progress: of things not persons): the custom of wrong-doing easily gains g., facile s. peccandi consuetudo, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 22, init.: the rumour gains g., s. rumor, Cic. Mur. 21, fin.: Liv. 4. percrēbresco, incrēbresco, 3 (of customs, rumour, etc.: to gain prevalence): v. to spread. (ii). to lose g.: 1. inclīno, pedem rĕfĕro (of troops): v. to give way, fall back. 2. obsŏlesco, lēvi, lētum, 3: (of things) to become less prevalent or important: this is the only branch of revenue which does not lose g. in time of war, hoc unum vectigal in bello non obs., Cic. Agr. 1, 7, 21: one was distinguished in war, but lost g. ("fell into the background") in peace, enituit aliquis in bello, sed obsolevit in pace, Plin. Pan. 4: see also to decline, decay. IV. Region, sphere of action: lŏcus: this is dangerous g. (fig.), anceps hic et lubricus l. est, Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 6: that g. has been cleared by me in five books, perpurgatus est is l. a nobis quinque libris, Cic. Div. 2, 1, init. V. The basis or groundwork of a picture or tune: *quasi fundamentum tabulae s. cantus. VI. Reason or basis of action: 1. causa: you have the g.s of my opinion, habes causam opinionis meae, Cic.: v. reason. 2. rătio, ōnis, f.: to defend our own side by various arguments and g.s, nostra confirmare argumentis ac r., Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 80. Join: consilii causa ratioque, Cic. Div. Verr. init. 3. lŏcus: esp. in pl., when it denotes the grounds of proof: Cic. Top. 2, 7, sq.
ground (v.) Copy link • ground (v.): fundo, 1: v. to found, establish. Phr.: to be well g.'d in any branch of knowledge, artem aliquam bene s. penitus perceptam habere, cf. Cic. Fam. 7, 19; artis alicujus praecepta cognita penitusque perspecta habere, cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 92; artem aliquam fideliter didicisse, Ov.: to g. pupils thoroughly in grammar, *grammaticae artis fundamenta bene solideque jacere; discipulos grammaticis rationibus diligenter imbuere.
GROUND Copy link • GROUND 1. s. Earth, terra, (terrae) solum (the surface of the earth, as the ground or foundation of what is or grows on it): humus “the lowest part of the visible world; also, and more especially, of any part dug up from the ground, χθών). On the ground, humi: under ground, subterraneus: a walk under ground, crypta (κρύπτη): to put seed in the ground, semen ingerere solo: under ground, sub terra (e.g., sub terra vivi demissi in locum saxo conseptum, Liv., 22, 57): to fall to the ground, in terram cadere; in terram decidere: to fall down from anything to the ground, humi procumbere (to fall on the ground): to fall to the ground (figuratively, of an argument) [Vid: To FALL]: to lie or be stretched on the ground, humi jacere, stratum esse: to fell anybody to the ground, sternere: humi prosternere: to run aground (of a ship), sidere (Liv., 26, 45): to level with the ground, solo aequare or adaequare. The first coat of paint of a picture, etc., *color qui est quasi fundamentum picturae, etc. A space occupied by an army, locus (plur., loca): loci or locorum natura (the nature of the ground): loci situs (the peculiar situation): the ground was very much against him, or he fought on very unfavorable ground, alienissimo sibi loco conflixit: to reconnoitre the ground, loci naturam observare. For “to lose or gain ground,” Vid: below. Ground-floor, [Vid: FLOOR]. Depth, bottom, Vid: Grounds = sediment, sedimentum: crassamentum. faex (e.g., cadum potare faece tenus, Hor., Od., 3, 15, 16): subsidentia quaedam (a certain sediment). Fundamental cause, reason, motive, causa: ratio (reasonable ground): causa et semen (e.g., belli): sometimes principium: initium (beginning): fons (source). To have good grounds for doing anything, non sine gravi causa facio aliquid; graves causae me impellunt, ut faciam aliquid: to say nothing without sufficient grounds, nihil temere dico. I don’t clearly see the grounds of it (i. e., of what it is the consequence), rationem quam habeat, non satis perspicio: to remove the grounds of anything, alicujus rei causam tollere: to excuse anybody on the ground of his youth, veniam dare adolescentiae: a plan which is assuredly not adopted without some good grounds, consilium quod non est profecto de nihilo conceptum (Liv.): on good grounds, justis de causis: not without good grounds, non sine causa, cum causa: there is some ground for anything, subest aliquid alicui rei (Quint.): he seems to have some ground for what he alleges, haud vana afferre videtur. To gain ground: (α) to extend itself, etc., percrebrescere: increbrescere (of a report): ingravescere (to become more serious; e.g. malum): longius or latius serpere (to increase gradually, res malum, etc.). (β) To make progress, proficere (with parum, aliquid, nihil, etc.); progressus (in the Golden Age not profectum) facere in re. No ground can be gained by these means, his rebus nihil profici potest: I think that some ground has been gained, profectum aliquid puto (toward any object, ad aliquid). (γ) To make an enemy recede, commovere (hostem, Liv.), or commovere loco (e.g., agmen): inclinare aciem: hostes paullum summovere. To lose ground, deminui (to be lessened): inclinari (to be turned downward; hence, figuratively, to have taken a turn for the worse, res, fortuna): languescere (to grow faint, IMPROP.): refrigerari (to be cooled, IMPROP., levissimus sermo): cedere (to yield; e.g., hosti): deteriore statu or conditione esse (to be in a worse condition): *minus jam valere (to have now less power, influence, etc.). Not to lose ground (of troops), ordines conservare (i. e., to keep the ranks), locum tenere: our army or men lost ground, exercitus nostri cesserunt. 2. v. To found as on a cause (e.g., to be grounded upon), aliquid fundamentum est alicujus rei: aliqua re teneri or contineri: anything is grounded upon anything, fundamentum alicujus rei positum est in aliqua re. To settle in rudiments of knowledge; e.g., to be well grounded in Latin, bene (optime) Latine scire; in Latinis litteris multum versatum esse (the latter, with reference to litterature); in anything, aliquid penitus percepisse; aliquid perspexisse planeque cognovisse (to have a thorough knowledge of anything): initia alicujus disciplinae diligenter or diligentissime percepisse (after Quint., 10, 1, 13); or illa, per quae ad aliquid pervenitur, diligentissime percepisse (Quint.). 3. INTRANS = run aground, sidere (e.g. aliquid, in quo mea cymba non sidat, Quint., 12, 37).