dead (adj.) Copy link Outline I. Lit.1. mortŭus (part. of morior)2. exănĭmus, exănĭmis, e3. dēfunctus (strictly with ellipsis of vita4. exstinctusII. By analogy; of things1. mortuus2. ēmortuus3. dēmortuus (cf. DECEASED)4. mortĭcīnus (of that which dies of itself)III. Of civil deathIV. Fig. • dead (adj.): I. Lit.: without life; of persons: 1. mortŭus (part. of morior): to bury a dead person (body), hominem m. sepelire, XII. Tab. ap. Cic.: to raise from the d., a mortuis excitare, Cic. The compound forms ēmortuus, dēmortuus also occur: the former is rare, and does not differ from the simple word: for demortuus, v. deceased: half d., sēmĭmortuus, Cat. 2. exănĭmus, exănĭmis, e: v. lifeless. 3. dēfunctus (strictly with ellipsis of vita: having done with life: so Virg.: later writers use the word absol.): a d. body, corpus d., Curt.: Ov.: Plin. 4. exstinctus: Juv. Phr.: the d. (after a battle), interfecti, occisi, jacentes: v. slain: the d. as departed spirits, mānes, ium; umbrae: v. shades: to rise from the d., ab inferis exsistere, Cic.: nearly d., in the article of death, mŏrĭbundus: v. dying: I am a d. man! perii, occĭdi! Pl.; interii, Ter. II. By analogy; of things: 1. mortuus: d. flowers, m. flores, Plin.: d. thews (i. e. void of muscular power), m. lacerti, Cic.: d. laws, leges m., Cic. 2. ēmortuus: a d. fetus, partus e., Plin.: d. flesh, caro e., Col. 3. dēmortuus (cf. deceased): in the room of d. trees, in locum arborum d., Paul. Dig.: Cels. 4. mortĭcīnus (of that which dies of itself): fishes found d., m. pisces, Varr. Phr.: d. flesh, caro hebes, Cels. (see also supr.): a d. language, *lingua quae ex vita et consuetudine communi abiit; l. solis literarum monumentis servata, Wyttenb. ap. Kr.: *l. cujus periit loquendi usus: Latin is now a d. language, *non jam ad loquendi usum adhibetur lingua Latina (Kr. recommends lingua mortua, after the anal. of Cic.'s leges mortuae, i. e. laws which are a d. letter, but the phr. seems of questionable propriety): a d. calm: tanta malacia ac tranquillitas ut se ex loco movere (naves) non possint, Caes.: a d. sleep, somnus artissimus, Cic.: in the d. of the night, nocte intempesta, Sall. III. Of civil death: capite deminutus: Liv. IV. Fig.: dull, wanting in vigour or animation, etc.: Phr.: all zeal seems d., *periere hominum studia; marcent (languent) omnia: the mind is d., the body sluggish, animus marcet, corpus torpet, Cels.: to be d. to shame, posuisse pudorem, Mart.: a d. joke, frigidus jocus, Cic.: v. dull, lifeless.
DEAD Copy link • DEADmortuus (☞ in classical prose never defunctus): exanimis; exanimus (when life is gone): inanimus, inanimis (without life; inanimate, opposed to animate; animal): vita et sensu carens (naturally without life and feeling): exsanguis (without blood; the blood having ceased to circulate; also figuratively; e.g., genus orationis): a dead body, mortuus, funus (a corpse). Almost dead, prope exsanguis; intermortuus: the kingdom of the dead, inferi: to rise from the dead, ab inferis exsistere: to raise from the dead, ab inferis excitare, or revocare; a morte ad vitam revocare: to strike dead, plagam mortiferam infligere alicui (Cic., in Vat. 8, 20. where it is figuratively, ): to be struck dead by lightning, ictu fulminis deflagrare (Cic.). It is said that such a person is dead, mortuus esse aliquis dicitur or nunciatur. He is a dead man, actum est de aliquo: I am a dead man, perii, occidi, nullus sum: to be half dead with laughing, risu paene emori: the city is like a city of the dead, *ingens solitudo est in urbe; *vastum in tota urbe silentium est (a dead silence). ImPROP., mortuus (that has died away; e.g., carbones; natura; also mare; and = no longer in use; e.g., leges, lingua, Cic.): languidus (feeble; unimpressive; e.g., imago, colores): emortuus (quite dead; e.g., membrum, carbo): praemortuus (before its time; e.g., limbs: also figuratively vires): intermortuus (of what has lost its brilliancy; opposed to exardescere: also of what has wholly disappeared, Catilinae reliquiae; memoria generis): dead capital, pecuniae otiosae, vacuae, or steriles: his capital lies dead, pecuniae otiosae jacent: vapidus; saporis expers; infirmi saporis (of liquors): dead sleep, *somnus morti similis; *sopor morti simillimus. I lay in a dead sleep, somnus artissimus me complexus est (Cic., Somn. Scip., 1): tam gravi somno premor. ut nullo modo excitari queam (Plin., 8, 36, 54, § 127): dead water, aqua stagnans; aqua pigra; stagnum: dead flesh, caro hebes. Dead colors, colores languidi, fusci, non laeti: a dead silence, altum silentium. The ears are dead, frigidae languidaeque aures (Cels.). A dead language, lingua mortua (after leges mortuae, Cic.) or *lingua, quae ex vita et consuetudine communi abiit; *lingua ex usu communi remota; *lingua solis litterarum monumentis servata (Wyttenback). A dead calm, tanta malacia ac tranquillitas, ut se ex loco movere non possint (sc. naves, Caes.): dead drunk, vino sepultus: a dead lift, res desperatae, or perditae, or perditae et desperatae, desperatio rerum: to help a man at a dead lift, (haerentem) aliquem expedire. In the dead of the night, nocte intempesta.