struggle (subs.) Copy link Outline I. A severe contest1. (acris, atrox) pugna, certāmen, etc.2. expr. by impers. pass. of pugno, 13. luctātio (lit. wrestling)II. A desperate effort • struggle (subs.): I. A severe contest: 1. (acris, atrox) pugna, certāmen, etc.: v. combat, contest. 2. expr. by impers. pass. of pugno, 1: there was a sharp, an obstinate s., acriter, atrociter pugnatum est: Caes.: Liv.: to carry on a hand to hand s., cominus (instare atque) pugnare, cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 58, and Sall. Cat. 60. 3. luctātio (lit. wrestling): Cic. Ac. 2, 14, init.: cf. Liv. 21, 36, med., where it is used of men struggling to get footing on a slippery incline (luctamen, poet.). II. A desperate effort: expr. by verb: v. to struggle (II.).