soldier Copy link Outline I. In a general sense1. mīles, ĭtis, m.2. pĕdes, ĭtis (a foot-soldier)3. ĕques, ĭtis (a horse-soldier)4. mīles nautĭcus, m. classĭcus5. vēlĭtes, pl. (light-armed soldiers), Liv. 26, 4, post med.II. A fellow-soldier1. commīlĭto, ōnis2. belli sŏcius. Join3. contŭbernālis (a tent-companion)III. A common soldier, private1. grĕgārius mīles, ĕques, Cic. Planc. 30, 722. mănĭpŭlāris3. călĭgātus4. mīles, opp. imperator5. vulgus (common soldiers), in sing. as collect. subs., Tac. A. 1, 28, med. Phr. • soldier: I. In a general sense: 1. mīles, ĭtis, m.: Cic. Liv.: to levy s.s, milites legere, Cic. Att. 8, 12, A, 3: m. deligere, Liv. 29, 1, ad med.: m. scribere, Sall. J. 43, ad med.: m. conscribere, Liv. 3, 4, ad fin. (v. to enlist, enroll): to form s.s into companies, m. ordinare, Liv. 29, 1, init.: to take s.s into one's pay, mercede m. conducere, id. ib. 5, ad fin.: to disband s.s, m. dimittere, Cic. Fam. 3, 3, 2: regular s.s, (= s.s of the line), m. legionarii (opp. auxiliarii): Caes.: Liv.: hastily levied s.s, m. subitarii, Liv. 3, 4, extr.: m. tumultuarii, id. 35, 2, post med.: garrison s.s, m. praesidiarii, id. 29, 8, med.: (v. forces, II., 1): foreign s.s, m. peregrini, Inscr.: a young s., recruit, tiro miles (opp. veteranus), Cic. Phil. 11, 15, 39: or absol. tiro: Cic.: Caes.: Suet.: a veteran s., veteranus m., Cic. Phil. 3, 2, 3: also absol. veteranus: Cic.: Liv.: a trained s., m. exercitatus, usu. foll. by in with abl., or by abl. simply: Cic.: Caes.: a volunteer s., voluntarius m., Caes. B. C. 3, 91: Cic.: a discharged s., missicius m. (cf. missicius praetorianus, Suet. Ner. 48, ad med.): cf. also emeritus absol.: Tac.: Lucan: and exauctorati m., Liv. 32, 1, post init.: see also militia. (N.B.--Other general words are: bellātor: Cic.: Liv.: used as adj. in Virg.: pugnātor: Liv.: Suet.: Sil.: proeliātor: Tac.: Just.) 2. pĕdes, ĭtis (a foot-soldier): Cic.: Caes. But when foot-soldiers are mentioned with horse-soldiers, instead of pedites we find, as substitutes, milites, homines, viri: e. g. milites equitesque, Caes. B. G. 5, 10: homines equitesque, id. B. C. 2, 39: equites virique, Liv. 21, 27, init.: Sil. 9, 559: v. infantry. 3. ĕques, ĭtis (a horse-soldier): Caes.: Liv.: v. cavalry. 4. mīles nautĭcus, m. classĭcus: Tac.: Liv.: v. marine. 5. vēlĭtes, pl. (light-armed soldiers), Liv. 26, 4, post med.: also levis armatura (sing.), as collect. subs.: cf. levis miles, Liv. 8, 8, post init.: but v. LIGHT-ARMED, heavy-armed. II. A fellow-soldier: 1. commīlĭto, ōnis: Cic.: Caes.: Suet.: also commīles (for commilito): Inscr. 2. belli sŏcius. Join: belli particeps et socius et adjutor, Cic. Att. 9, 10, 5. 3. contŭbernālis (a tent-companion): Cic.: Tac. III. A common soldier, private: 1. grĕgārius mīles, ĕques, Cic. Planc. 30, 72: Tac. H. 5, 1, med.: Sall. Phr.: holding the rank of a private s., gregariam militiam sortitus, Just. 22, 1, med. 2. mănĭpŭlāris: Caes.: Cic.: Tac. 3. călĭgātus: Suet. Aug. 25, post med. 4. mīles, opp. imperator: Sall. C. 60, med.: Caes. B. G. 5, 33, med.: m. opp. dux, Plin. Ep. 8, 14, post init. 5. vulgus (common soldiers), in sing. as collect. subs., Tac. A. 1, 28, med. Phr.: (i.) to endure a youth of poverty as a private s., juventam inopem in caliga militari tolerare, Plin. 7, 43, 44, § 135: promoted from a private s. to the consulship, perductus a caliga ad consulatum, Sen. Ben. 5, 16, ad init.: dress of a private s., gregalis habitus, Tac. A. 1, 69, ad fin.: cf. gregali sagulo amictus, Liv. 7, 34, fin., and manipulario habitu, Suet. Cal. 9, init. (ii.) a distinguished, experienced s., vir militaris, Tac. H. 2, 75, init.: rei militaris peritus: Caes.: Liv.: vir manu fortis et bello strenuus, Nep. Datam. 1: vir egregius in laude bellica, Cic. Brut. 21, 84: Themistocles was as good a s. in this war as a statesman, magnus hoc bello Themistocles fuit, nec minor in pace, Nep. Them. 6, init.: to be an experienced s. and statesman, multus in imperiis magistratibusque versari (Georg.). (iii.) to be, serve as a s., mīlĭto, 1, Cic.: stipendia facio, Sall. J. 63, med.: stipendia merere, mereri, Cic.: stipendia emereri (to complete the time of service), id.: to become a s., expr. by nomen (with do, edo, profiteor): v. to enlist (B., 1, 2): miles fio, Cic. Phil. 7, 8, 24: militiam capessere, Plin. 6, 19, 22, § 66: to be unwilling to serve as a s., militiam detrectare, Caes. B. G. 7, 14: Liv. 2, 43, post init.: to go to be a s., proficisci in militiae disciplinam, Cic. Manil. 10, 28. (iv.) s.s' children, pueri militares, Pl. Truc. 5, 16: a child brought up among s.s, legionum alumnus, Tac. A. 1, 44, init. (cf. castrorum filius, a title of Caligula, from his having been brought up in the camp, Suet. Cal. 22, init.): s's bread, panis militaris, Plin. 18, 7, 12 § 67: s.'s cloak, sagum, Caes.: Liv.: s.'s dress, ornatus militaris, Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61: s.'s furlough, commeatus, Liv.: Suet. (v. furlough): s.'s pay, stipendium, Cic.: Caes.: also aes or aera (= stipendium): e. g. a s. who has forfeited his pay, aere dirutus miles, Cic. Verr. 5, 13, 33: s.'s savings, peculium castrense, Dig. 49, 17, 11: s.'s oath on enlisting, sacramentum, Caes.: Liv.: v. oath (2, 3): s.'s phrase, verbum castrense, Plin. H. N. praef. § 1, extr.: s.'s sports, ludi castrenses, Suet. Tib. 72, med.: s.'s tent, tabernaculum, Cic.: or t. militare, id. Brut. 9, 37: also tentorium, Hirt.: Suet.: also pellis, absol. in pl., Cic. Ac. 2, 2, 4: Caes.: s.'s servant, calo, Caes.: Liv. See also military (adj.).