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Gallia est omnis dīvīsa in partēs trēs, quārum ūnam incolunt Belgae.

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Contents (26 senses)
S&H Smith & Hall (1)
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Source & Attribution
Digitized by Distributed Proofreaders from William Smith and Theophilus D. Hall, A Copious and Critical English-Latin Dictionary (1871), and generously placed into the public domain.
on (prep.) Copy link
Outline
• on (prep.):
    1. I. Locally resting on:
      1. 1. in (with abl.): to have a wreath on the head, coronam in capite habere, Cic. Verr. 5, 11, init.: to be mounted on a horse, in equo sedere, ib. 10, extr.: (the murder took place) on the Appian road, in Appia via, id. Mil. 6, 15: to seat oneself on a seat, in sella se ponere, Flor. 1, 13, med. (N.B.--The abl. is thus used even after verbs implying motion towards; but the acc. is more freq. after verbs compounded with a prep.: e. g. to put any one on the rack, aliquem in equuleum imponere, Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, 13.)
      2. 2. sŭper (denoting position directly over): v. upon.
      3. 3. expr. by such p. partt. as, subjectus, suppŏsĭtus (denoting something to rest on): e. g. on rollers, phalangis subjectis, Caes. B. C. 2, 10, extr.: they swam the river on their shields, caetris suppositis [incubantes] flumen tranavere, Liv. 21, 27, med.: so, clypeo suo exceptum [regem] in castra referebant, they carried him back to the camp on his shield (Nägels. p. 327).
      4. 4. when that which supports is at the same time an instrument used, expr. by abl. alone: esp. on foot, pedibus, Cic. Sen. 10, 34: on one's knees, genibus, Liv. 43, 2, init.: for which Hor. has (more poetically), genibus minor, Ep. 1, 12, 28.
      5. 5. very often expr. by prep. in comp.; when the relation is usu. denoted by dative: e. g., insĭdeo, I sit on (insidere equo, to be mounted on a horse, Liv. 7, 6, med.); incŭbo, I lie on (incubare stramentis, to lie on straw, Hor. S. 2, 3, 117): v. to lie, sit on, etc. (N.B.--For the use of on after verbs of motion, e. g. to lift on one's shoulders, v. upon.) Phr.: on the tribunal (or seat of justice), pro tribunali (with the additional idea of publicity; doing or saying something publicly), Cic. Fam. 3, 9, init.; so, on the platform, pro suggestu, Caes. B. G. 6, 3 (but, in tribunali sedere, Cic. de Or. 1, 37, 168; and even in suggestu causam dicere, id. Div. 1, 54, 124): to hold conference on horseback, ex equo colloqui, Caes. B. G. 1, 43: on the ground, humi (v. ground).
    2. II. In proximity to; so as in a figurative sense to rest upon:
      1. 1. ad (with acc.): they are situated on the Syrtis, ad Syrtim adjacent, Mela 1, 7: Numantia situated an the Douro, Numantia ad (Flor. has apud, 2, 18, init.) Durium (sita), Forcell.: for which Plin. has apposita fluvio, 5, 29, 29 § 109: on the north, south, etc., ad septentrionem, etc., id. 6, 27, 31 § 134: v. near.
      2. 2. in (with abl.): esp. of position on the sea coast: in littore, Mela, 1, 9, fin., et pass.: Plin. 5, 30, 32 in ora, id. 5, 22, 18. Comp. oppidum littori impositum, ib. 6, 20, 23. (N.B.--In flumine for situated on a river, is questionable Latin: though Plin. has, imposita est [urbs] Lyco flumini, 5, 27, 29.)
      3. 3. ā, ăb (with abl.: on the side or in the direction of): on the side of the Sequani and Helvetii, ab Sequanis et Helvetiis, Caes. B. G. 1, 1: esp. in such general exprr. as, ab oriente, ab occidente, on the east, on the west, Plin. 5, 14, 15, etc.: on the rear, the front, a tergo, a fronte, Cic. Ph. 3, 13, 32.
      4. 4. juxtā (close to: with acc.): a town on the river Narraga, oppidum j. fluvium Narragam, Plin. 6, 26, 30 § 123: so, juxta amnem, ib. § 135.
      5. 5. ē, ex (with abl.): esp. in certain phrr.: on all the other sides, hills surrounded the camp, reliquis ex omnibus partibus colles oppidum cingebant, Caes. B. G. 7, 69: on the opposite side, e contraria parte, Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; also, e regione (a less definite expr. = over against): so, ex adverso: v. opposite.
      6. 6. expr. by abl. alone: esp. in the phrr. dextrā, on the right (hand); laevā, on the left: on the right and on the left, dextra laevaque, Liv. 21, 43, med.: Plin. 5, 10, 11: so, on this side and on that, hac illac, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 25: Cic.: Caes. Phr.: on every side, undique, Cic. Man. 11, 30: Caes.: (Babylon) situated on the Euphrates, interfluo Euphrate (abl. absol.), Plin. 6, 26, 30 § 121.
    3. III. Fig.: ranged with: ā, ăb (comp. II., 3): esp. in phrr., ab aliquo stare, facere, esse, to be on any one's side, in favour of him (Smith's Lat. Dict. s. v. IV.): to be rather on one's own side than on that of one's opponents, magis a te quam ab adversariis stare, Cic. Inv. 1, 43, 81: entirely on my side, totum a me, id. de Or. 1, 13, init. To be on the side of, adjuvare, favere, etc.: v. to help, favour.
    4. IV. Denoting logical basis or connexion: Phr.: on this condition, that ..., ea lege, ut ..., Cic. Fam. 5, 13 (or demonstratively, hac lege: the nature of the condition being given in a new sentence, without ut): on these terms (of a peace), his legibus, Nep. Timoth. 2: also, in has leges [pax data], Liv. 33, 30, init.: so, ea conditione, foll. by si ..., Caec. in Cic. Fam. 6, 7, ad fin. (conditio is a less formal expr. than lex): less freq., sub conditione, Suet. Tib. 44 (foll. by ut); sub lege ut, id. Aug. 21: on condition that, may also be familiarly expr. by ita ut, Cic. Fam. 13, 56 (imponam [onus], ita, tamen, ut tibi nolim molestus esse). Phr.: on one's word or honour, fide interposita, Sall. Jug. 32.
    5. V. Denoting an instrument played on: expr. by abl. alone: to play on the lyre, flute, etc., fidibus, tibia (tibiis) canere: v. lyre, flute, etc.
    6. VI. Denoting a hanging, or fig. a dependent position:
      1. 1. ē, ex: to hang (be hanged) on a tree, pendēre ex arbore, Cic. Verr. 3, 26, 66: Lucr. 6, 915.
      2. 2. dē she hung on her husband's neck, de viri collo pependit, Ov. F. 2, 760: to depend entirely on any one (be his dependant), de aliquo pendere, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 105.
    7. VII. Denoting time when: expr. by abl. alone: on that day, on the following day, etc., eo die, postero die, etc.: passim.
    8. VIII. Also of time: immediately after:
      1. 1. ē, ex: Cotta on the termination of his consulate set out for Gaul, Cotta ex consulatu est profectus in Galliam, Cic. Br. 92, 318: they bathe immediately on awaking from sleep, statim ex somno lavantur, Tac. G. 22, init.: Liv.
      2. 2. expr. by abl. absol.: on the completion of the circuits, conventibus peractis, Caes. B. G. 5, 2: et pass.
      3. 3. dē (rare in this sense). immediately on the close of the auction, statim de auctione, Cic. Att. 12, 3.
    9. IX. Concerning: dē: passim: v. concerning.
    10. X. Miscell. Phrr.: to have on hand (be engaged upon), in manibus habere, Cic. Att. 13, 47: on march, in itinere, Caes. B. G. 1, 3; iter faciens (while on march), Sall. Cat. 19: also ex itinere (denoting either interruption of the march, or dispatch of men, letters, etc., from an army marching), ib. 35 (Catilina litteras ex itinere mittit): on high, sublimis (v. high, I., fin.): on the wing, volans (v. to fly): on a sudden, repente, subito (v. suddenly): on the alert, promptus, intentus: cf. Cic. Br. 42, 154 (prompta et parata in agendo et in respondendo celeritas, i. e. a rapidity of mind ever on the alert): Sall. Cat. 6, med. (Romani domi militiaeque intenti, festinare ..., on the alert, ready to use every advantage): to be on fire, ardere (v. fire, to be on) etc.