hic, haec, hoc (for which qui, quae, quod must be used at the beginning of a new proposition when “this” refers to a person or thing already mentioned: in English we use, in such cases, “and,” “for,” “but,” “hence,” “therefore,” “now,” etc., which in Latin must be omitted before qui for hic; Vid: Krebs, § 570): ille (is often used in Latin with reference to a statement to follow, where in English “this” is used. In quoting anybody’s words, hic is, however, generally used: illud animarum corporumque dissimile, quod, etc.; but, in hanc fere sententiam locutus est). This and that, ille et ille; ille aut ille (= several, indefinitely; e.g., commendo vobis illum et illum). As antecedent to a relative, is is the regular unemphatic pronoun, but hic, iste, ille can all be used with their proper meaning: ista quae a te dicta sunt (iste as demonstrative of second person); haec, quae a nobis disputata sunt (i. e., as just present to our thoughts); qui illa tenet quorum artem instituere vult. This here, hicce, haecce, hocce: this and that, ille et ille; nonnemo (many a one): this... that, hic... ille (often, also, ille... hic, where ille refers to the latter, hic to the former; Vid: Herzog, Caes., B.G., 3, 11); alius... alius (the one... the other): this of mine, hic, haec, hoc: this of yours, iste, ista, istud: this of his, ille, ilia, illud (all in the gender, etc., of the following substantive): this time, nunc (and, when past time is viewed as present, tunc); in praesenti (now, at this time): hic, hac in re, hac in causa (in this case): in this case, hac in re; hac in causa; si res ita se habet (if the thing be so); si hic casus inciderit (if this case shall have happened): of this year, hujus anni; hornotinus, hornus (born or produced in this year; of fruits and animals; the latter, perhaps accidentally, only in poets): on this side, citerior: this side of, cis; citra (preposition and adverb): and this too (as adding an attributive in the way of climax), et is, isque, atque: and this too, not, neque is (e.g., unam rem explicabo, eamque maximam). ☞ In oblique narration, where the speaker would use “this,” hic, the reporter sometimes retains the hic, and sometimes changes it into “that,” ille, adapting the statement to his own position; thus, Marcellus respondit, “Non plura per annos quinquaginta benefacta Hieronis, quam paucis his annis maleficia eorum, qui Syracusas tenuerint, erga populum Romanum esse” (Liv., 25, 31, where Marcellus would himself use his annis; but in 25, 28, occasionem, qualis illo momento horae sit, nullam deinde fore, where the speaker would use hoc momento).