asper (opposed to levis or lenis; of roughness that causes pain, as of thorns, etc.; also of the sea, and of the voice): salebrosus (rugged): confragosus (with broken fragments of rock, etc., in wild confusion): procellosus (stormy): horridus: horridus et durus: asperi animi (rough in mind): incultus: inhumanus: inurbanus (rough in manners): infabre factus, inconditus, non artificiosus (roughly made, not well finished). The rough breathing (in grammar), spiritus asper.