To inflict punishment on anybody, poenam statuere or constituere alicui, or in aliquem (to fix its nature and amount); afficere aliquem poena (Cic., Off., 2, 5, fin.); vindicare in aliquem (to proceed to punish him): a fine, multam imponere in aliquem; poenā pecuniariā or multā et poenā multare aliquem (the latter, Cic., Balb., 18): ☞ multam irrogare, in the Gold Age = to lay before the people a proposal [rogatio] that a fine of such an amount should be imposed upon an offender by a vote of the people assembled in “comitia.” Thus Cic., Legg., 3, 3, 3, cum magistratus judicassit irrogassitve; per populum multae poenae certatio esto. To inflict disgrace, alicui turpitudinem inferre or infligere: alicui probrum, infamiam inferre: ignominia aliquem alhcere or notare: alicui ignominiam injungere or contumeliam imponere. To inflict pain, dolorem facere, efficere, afferre, commovere, excitare, incutere, on anybody, alicui: severe pain, magnum et acerbum dolorem commovere: dolorem quam acerbissimum alicui inurere. To inflict an injury; Vid: INJURY.