harrow (subs.) Copy link Outline 1. irpex, ĭcis, m. (also, hirpex, urpex; a toothed instrument drawn over the soil by oxen2. rastrum, pl. usu. rastri (any rake)3. crātes, is, f. (a hurdle-h.) • harrow (subs.): 1. irpex, ĭcis, m. (also, hirpex, urpex; a toothed instrument drawn over the soil by oxen: rare): Varr. L. L. 5, 31 § 136: Cato. 2. rastrum, pl. usu. rastri (any rake): h.s of ponderous weight, iniquo pondere rastri, Virg. G. 1, 164: v. rake. 3. crātes, is, f. (a hurdle-h.): more fully, viminea c., Virg. G. 1, 95: Cato.
harrow (v.) Copy link Outline 1. occo, 12. expr. by irpex, rastri, crātes, with a verb • harrow (v.): 1. occo, 1: to h. the soil, i. e. to pulverise the clods, (agrum) oc., id est, comminuere, ne sit gleba, Varr. 1, 31, init.: to h. corn-fields, segetes oc., Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 161 Plin. 2. expr. by irpex, rastri, crātes, with a verb: glebas frangere (comminuere) irpices s. rastros per agros trahendo cf. Virg. G. 1, 95.
HARROW Copy link • HARROW 1. s. irpex (al. hirpex or urpex, with iron teeth, and drawn by oxen; it is still called “erpice” in Italy): crates (a wattled harrow, to level the ground with; if with teeth for breaking the clods, crates dentata; called, in Italy “strascino”): ☞ occa only in Isidorus, where it is explained by rastrum. The Roman farmers also used a malleus for breaking the clods. 2. v. occare (both for levelling the ground and breaking the clods): cratire (for levelling the ground). To sow and harrow, semen injicere, cratesque dentatas supertrahere: to level the ground by harrowing, glebes crate inducta coaequare. IMPROPR., To harrow a man’s feelings, alicujus pectus effodere (Cic.); cruciare, excruciare; conscindere or torquere aliquem (Cic.); excruciare aliquem animi (Plaut.): *acerbissimo dolore afficere alicujus animum. Pillage, etc., Vid: HARROWER, occator.