circumstance Copy link Outline 1. rēs, ĕi, f.2. tempus, ŏris, n. (c.s collectively) • circumstance: 1. rēs, ĕi, f.: by all which c.s the cavalry were panic-struck, quibus omnibus r. equites permoti sunt, Caes.: to control c.s, sibi res subjungere, Hor.: according to c.s, pro re, Sall.: under the c.s (as matters are), pro re nata, Cic. Att. 7, 14: also, e re nata, Ter. Ad. 3, 1, 8. Esp. in pl., a state, condition: easy c.s, res secundae, Hor.: Cic. (But it is often sufficient in place of res to use the neuter gender of an adj.: as, adverse, prosperous c.s, adversa, prospera: v. adversity, prosperity.) 2. tempus, ŏris, n. (c.s collectively): to yield to c.s, that is, to submit to necessity, tempori cedere, id est, necessitati parere, Cic.: according to c.s, pro tempore, Caes.: Sall.: Virg.; ad tempus, Cic.: who knows what the c.s of the commonwealth are likely to be? tempora reipublicae qualia futura sint, quis scit? Cic. Phr.: persons in straitened c.s, quibus obstat res angusta domi, Juv. (for which Cic. has angustiae rei familiaris): to be brought into the most embarrassing c.s, in summas angustias adduci, Cic.: Caes.: v. state, condition.
CIRCUMSTANCE Copy link • CIRCUMSTANCEres (the most general word): causa (the state, posture, situation, of a thing). (The words are found in this connection and order), res et causa: tempus, especially the plur. tempora (posture of things brought on by the circumstances of the time): ratio (a reason founded in circumstances; hence the circumstance itself): momentum (the decisive circumstance): conditio (condition, limitation): mora (delay): ambages (circumstance of words). Trifling circumstances, parvae res: parva momenta. The Latins, however, do not usually employ a distinctive substantive, but prefer some general, indifferent expression to convey this notion; as, this circumstance moved me, hoc me movit, or hac re motus sum. On this circumstance rests the whole business, in eo tota res vertitur (in eo cardo rei vertitur, not to be recommended). According to circumstances, pro re: pro re nata; ex or pro tempore; pro tempore et pro re (Caes., B.G., 5, 8). The circumstances of the times, tempora: ratio temporis or temporum; temporum vincula (Cic., Fam., 10, 6, 2). To act according to circumstances, ex re consulere. Under these or such circumstances, his rebus; quae cum ita sint or essent (things being so): in hoc or in tali tempore (in such an exigency; under such untoward circumstances. In this meaning the preposition “in” is mostly expressed). Under present circumstances, in praesentia (opposed to in posterum). To suit one’s self to circumstances, tempori servire (cut one’s coat according to the cloth): necessitati parere (make a virtue of necessity). To be in good circumstances, in rebus secundis esse; in bona conditione constitutum esse. To be in straitened circumstances, parce ac duriter vitam agere. In his embarrassed or desperate circumstances, in extremis rebus suis. My circumstances are none of the best, res meae sunt minus secundae. To be placed in the same circumstances, in eadem causa or eodem loco esse; eadem est mea causa. I am grievously dissatisfied with my own circumstances, vehementer me poenitet status mei. A man is always dissatisfied with his own circumstances, suae quemque fortunae maxime poenitet (Cic.). Suppose yourself in my circnmstances, eum te esse finge, qui sum ego (Cic.). Circumstances (= state of affairs), rerum status: a great change of circumstances has taken place, magna facta est rerum commutatio; versa sunt omnia: the untoward circumstances of the time or of affairs, iniquitas rerum. Show, array, apparatus; ornatus; ostentatio.