certainly Copy link Outline I. Undoubtedly, surely1. certē2. certo (= for certain3. prōfectoII. In replies, to denote emphatic assent.1. sānē2. vēro3. (Still stronger than the preceding)4. certē (= sane)5. quippĕ (usu. ironically)III. To denote a concession, foll. by a qualification1. quĭdem, ĕquĭdem (the latter usu. with first person sing.)2. ĕtĭam (only in dialogue) • certainly: I. Undoubtedly, surely: 1. certē: if it will c. happen, there is no chance, si c. eveniet nulla fortuna est, Cic.: Ter. 2. certo (= for certain: cf. certain, I. Phr.) my name is c. Sosia, mihi certo nomen Sosia'st, Pl.: to expect nothing so as if it would c. happen, nihil ita expectare quasi certo futurum, Cic. 3. prōfecto: v. assuredly. II. In replies, to denote emphatic assent. 1. sānē: do you wish to be advised? c. I do, te moneri numne vis? sane volo, Pl.: Ter. 2. vēro: you have often, I think, been in the schools of the philosophers?--C. and with great pleasure too, fuisti saepe, credo, in scholis philosophorum?--Vero, ac libenter quidem, Cic.: esp. after a pronoun: as, I ask whether he in that acted unjustly?--C. he did, he replies, quaero num id injuste fecerit?--Ille vero, Cic.: Nep. 3. (Still stronger than the preceding): ĕnimvēro: Do you really say so?--Most c. I do, ain' vero?--aio enimvero, Pl.: v. verily. 4. certē (= sane): do you say so?--C. I do, ain' tu vero? c. inquam, Pl.: Cic. 5. quippĕ (usu. ironically): would you then correctly say that you had restored the state?--C., recte igitur diceres te rempublicam restituisse?--Quippe, Cic.: Virg.: v. of course. III. To denote a concession, foll. by a qualification: 1. quĭdem, ĕquĭdem (the latter usu. with first person sing.): v. indeed. 2. ĕtĭam (only in dialogue): Zeno thinks that a happy life consists in virtue alone. What says Antiochus?--C. a happy life, he says, does, but not the most happy, Zeno in una virtute positam beatam vitam putat. Quid Antiochus?--Etiam, inquit, beatam, sed non beatissimam, Cic.
CERTAINLY Copy link • CERTAINLYwith certainty, certo: certe (certo objective; certe subjective. Vid: Practical Introduction, ii., 561. Certo hardly occurs in Cic., except in certo scire, which is more common than certe scire): liquido (clearly, when the statement is asserted tn be manifestly true): hand dubie: sine ulla. dusitatione: profecto (“assuredly;” a strong assertion that the thing is so: also “surely,” “doustless,” in assumptions): nae (= profecto, but stands always at the beginning of a sentence, and mostly before personal pronouns): sane (certainly; in the judgment of every sound mind; also in replies): nimirum (of an assertion which it would be strange if you did not grant; e.g., nimirum recte: omnibus regibus - hunc regem nimirum anteponetis, Cic.): utique (a restrictive particle of assertion: in Cic., principally in his letters with subjunctive imperative, and other expressions of a wish, advice, or command. Practical Introduction, ii., 897). I am certainly persuaded, porsuasum est mihi; persuasi mihi. I shall certainly do, etc., certum est mihi (aliquid facere); certum est deliberatumque; stat sententia; statutum habeo. Vid: CERTAINLY may often be translated by non dubito, quin, etc.; non dubium est (or videtur esse) quin. “This may certainly be accomplished,” non dubito, quin hoc fieri possit, etc. “It appeand from this letter that he would certainly arrive before that day,” prorsus ex his litteris non videbatur esse dubium, quin ante eam diem venturus esset (Cic.). The certainty of the event may sometimes be omitted by adding an expression of positiveness to the assertion: this letter says that he will certainly arrive, etc., hae litterae plane declarant eum - venturum esse, etc. In answers, certe (certainly): vero (assuredly; an emphatic assent): recte (a polite form of assent): ita: ita est, sic est (just so): ita plane (exactly so; just so): etiam: sane: sane quidem (concessive forms). At least, at all events, saltem: certe: certe quidem (sometimes tamen). If not - yet certainly, si non - at saltem: si non - certe.