bankrupt, to be Copy link Outline 1. rationes conturbare, Cic.2. dēcŏquo, coxi, coctum (with or without creditoribus)3. fŏro cēdere; if my debtor become b., I shall receive a dividend, si debitor foro cesserit, portionem feram, Sen.4. cădo, cĕcĭdi, cāsum, 3 (opposed to sto) • bankrupt, to be or become: 1. rationes conturbare, Cic.: and absol., Pedo becomes b., Matho fails, Pedo conturbat, Matho deficit, Juv. 2. dēcŏquo, coxi, coctum (with or without creditoribus): do you remember that you were a b. before you came of age? tenesne memoria praetextatum te decoxisse? Cic.: decoxit creditoribus suis, Plin. 3. fŏro cēdere; if my debtor become b., I shall receive a dividend, si debitor foro cesserit, portionem feram, Sen. 4. cădo, cĕcĭdi, cāsum, 3 (opposed to sto): turpius est privatim cadere quam publice, Cic. Att. 16, 15, 6. Phr.: I became utterly b. in my business, omnis res mea fracta est, Hor. (fig. with ref. to shipwreck): but for Caesar's generosity towards my client, this Postumus would have been b. long ago, nisi Caesaris in hunc liberalitas exstitisset, nos hunc Postumum jampridem in foro non haberemus, Cic.
become (= be made) Copy link Outline 1. fīo, factus sum, fĭĕri2. ēvādo, vāsi, vāsum, 3 (pointing more definitely to the issue3. exsisto, stĭti, stĭtum, 3 (prop. to stand forth, arise4. exŏrior, ortus, 4 (to spring forth, arise suddenly • become (= be made): 1. fīo, factus sum, fĭĕri: the state became wiser by training, disciplina doctior facta est civitas, Cic.: the bones b. stone, ossa lapis f., Ov.: and from a god you shall b. a bloodless body, eque deo corpus fies exsangue, Ov.: he will suddenly b. a bristly boar, fiet subito sus horridus, Virg.: I wish to ask what has b. of my younger son, volo erogitare meo minore quid sit factum filio, Pl.: what will b. of my brother? de fratre quid fiet? Ter.: what will b. of the arts? quid fiet artibus? Cic.: what will b. of me? quid mihi fiet? Ov. 2. ēvādo, vāsi, vāsum, 3 (pointing more definitely to the issue: to turn out): he judged that they could not b. orators, judicabat eos non posse oratores e., Cic.: the minds of the people b. effeminate, molles mentes e. civium, Cic. 3. exsisto, stĭti, stĭtum, 3 (prop. to stand forth, arise: q. v.): for these reasons I have b. advocate in this case, his de causis ego huic causae patronus exstiti, Cic. 4. exŏrior, ortus, 4 (to spring forth, arise suddenly: q. v.): Gyges suddenly became king of Lydia, repente Gyges rex exortus est Lydiae, Cic.--Note. To become, esp. in connexion with adjectives, may often be expr. by means of an inceptive verb: as, to b. rich, ditesco; to b. white, albesco; to b. old, senesco, etc.: for which v. rich, etc.
become (= to be suitabl Copy link Outline 1. dĕcĕt, dĕcŭĭt, 2 (in 3 pers. sing. and pl. only, but usu. impers.2. convĕnĭt, vēnit, 4 (usu. foll. by acc. and inf.) • become (= to be suitable, to adorn): 1. dĕcĕt, dĕcŭĭt, 2 (in 3 pers. sing. and pl. only, but usu. impers.: the person whom is expr. by acc.: v. L. G. § 242): this dress b.s me, haec vestis me d., Pl.: Ov.: Plin.: it does not b. you to be angry with me, non te mihi irasci decet, Pl.: you act as b.s you, facis ut te decet, Ter.: nothing is more difficult than to see what is b.ing, nihil est difficilius quam quid deceat videre, Cic.: Hor. 2. convĕnĭt, vēnit, 4 (usu. foll. by acc. and inf.): it does not b. a general to travel in company with a mistress, haud convenit una ire cum amica imperatorem in via, Ter.: what less bs this order? quid minus in hunc ordinem convenit? Cic.: v. becoming (adj.).
enervated, to be Copy link Outline 1. marceo, 2; incept. marcesco, 32. expr. by pass. of ēnervo, frango, etc. • enervated, to be or become: 1. marceo, 2; incept. marcesco, 3: they are e. by the luxury of Capua, marcere Campana luxuria, Liv. 23, 45: to be corrupted and e. by repose and inactivity, otio ac desidia corruptos marcere, Just. 30, 1: Tac. 2. expr. by pass. of ēnervo, frango, etc.: v. to enervate. Phr.: to be e. by enjoyment, voluptate liquescere et fluere mollitia, Cic.
exhausted, to be Copy link Outline 1. expr. by dēfĭcio, 3 (in connexion with vires)2. langueo, 2 (less strong than the Eng.)3. fătisco, 3 (not in Cic.)4. expr. by pass. of fătīgo, dēfătīgo • exhausted, to be, or become: 1. expr. by dēfĭcio, 3 (in connexion with vires): when the standard-bearer was getting e., quum aquilifer a viribus deficeretur, Caes. B. C. 3, 64: but the act. is more freq.: our men were getting e., nostris (al. nostros) vires lassitudine deficiebant, Caes. B. C. 2, 41: v. to fail. 2. langueo, 2 (less strong than the Eng.): v. fatigued, to be. 3. fătisco, 3 (not in Cic.): to be e. by (certain) crops (of soil), segetibus f., Col. 2, 14: to be e. by privation and toil, per inopiam et labores f.. Tac. (N.B.--The comp. defetiscor is exceedingly rare, except in p. part. defessus: v. preced. art. II. 4) 4. expr. by pass. of fătīgo, dēfătīgo: v. to weary.
green, to be Copy link • green, to be, become: vĭreo, ui, 2 (of foliage): to be g. with fresh foliage, fronde v. nova, Virg.: the top (of the mountain) is g. with pine trees, summa virent pinu, Ov.: Cic. Hence, vĭresco, 3: to become g.: Virg.: Ov.: to become g. again, rĕvĭresco, 3: Ov.: Tac.
pale, to grow Copy link Outline 1. pallesco, pallui, 32. exalbesco, albui, 3 (to turn quite white) • pale, to grow or become: 1. pallesco, pallui, 3: to grow p. over cares, curis p., Prop. 1, 13, 7; with indoor life, umbratica vita p., Quint. 1, 2, 18. Comps. (1). expallesco, 3 (to turn very p.): Ov.: Plin. min. (2). impallesco, 3 (to turn p. at or over anything: rare): to grow p. over the midnight sheet, nocturnis imp. chartis, Pers. 5, 62: Stat. 2. exalbesco, albui, 3 (to turn quite white): Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 48.
rough, to be Copy link Outline 1. horreo, ui, 2 (to bristle, as with hair)2. squāleo, 2 • rough, to be, become: 1. horreo, ui, 2 (to bristle, as with hair): to be r. with hair, capillis h., Hor. Epod. 5, 27: of the sea, Att. in Non. (horret quum mare fluctibus). Incept. to become r.: Ov.: Cic. 2. squāleo, 2: cf. rough (I. 13).
surety, to be Copy link Outline 1. expr. by vas, praes, etc., with a verb2. spondeo, spŏpondi, sponsum, 2 (in gen. sense3. intercēdo, 3 (e. g. int. pecuniam)4. praesto, stĭti, stĭtum, 15. sătisdo, 1 • surety, to be or become: 1. expr. by vas, praes, etc., with a verb: v. surety. 2. spondeo, spŏpondi, sponsum, 2 (in gen. sense: comp. surety, 3): to make oneself s. for any one, s. pro aliquo, Cic. Planc. 19, 47: and absol., Liv.: Hor. 3. intercēdo, 3 (e. g. int. pecuniam): v. to guarantee (2). 4. praesto, stĭti, stĭtum, 1: fut. part., praestāturus (to answer for): v. responsible (I., 2). 5. sătisdo, 1: v. to guarantee.
BECOME Copy link • BECOMEv. fieri: evadere (to turn out): Cic. became consul, Cic. consul factus est: to become a perfect orator, perfectum oratorem evadere: to become surety, sponsorem fieri pro aliquo: what will become of you? quid de te fiet? what will become of him? quid illo fiet? quid te futurum censes? (Observe, in this construction the ablative with, or, more commonly, without, de is used, or the dative, Zumpt.) To become a beggar, ad mendicitatem redigi: from a beggar to become a rich man, ex mendico fieri divitem. The infinitive termination escere indicates, in Latin, an incipient state: to become warm, calescere: to become rich, ditescere. To become or befit, decere, with accusative of the person whom anything becomes: it becomes, aequum est, par est, with the infinitive after it; convenit, with the accusative and infinitive after: it is not becoming, non decet: it is not at all becoming, minime decet; both with accutative and infinitive; e.g., it does not at all become an orator to be in a rage, oratorem irasci minime decet. “Becomes” is frequently translated by est with a genitive when it denotes a quality; as, it becomes a young man, est juvenis; but if the object is a personal pronoun, the possessive pronoun is used; e.g., it becomes you, tuum est. “To become” is also rendered by aptum, accommodatum esse alicui: to become a person well, honestare aliquem; convenire alicui; dignum esse aliquo: not to become a person well, dedecere or indecere aliquem; indecorum, dedecori torpe esse alicui; indignum esse aliquo: to do things that ill become a soldier, rei militaris dedecus admittere: he thinks that these things become not his dignity, haec dignitate sua leviora ducit: this dress becomes her well, haec vestis satis decet eam (Plaut., Most, 1, 3. 10): modesty becomes youth, pudor juvenilem ornat aetatem.