servus Copy link Outline I. In gen.A. With homoB. With other subjectsII. Jurid. t. t., of buildings, lands, etc., ... ⓘservē: adverbialserve: masc/neut voc sg • servus, a, um, adj. [referred by the ancients to servo: servi ex eo appellati sunt, quod imperatores servos vendere, ac per hoc servare, nec occidere solent, Just. Inst. 1, 3, 3; but prob. from root svar-; Lith. svaras, a weight; cf. Gr. ἕρμα; O. H. Germ. swari, burdensome; Germ. schwer, heavy; cf. also serius], slavish, servile, subject. I. In gen. A. With homo (= 2. servus; mostly ante-class.): non decet superbum esse hominem servom, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 64; id. Mil. 2, 6, 80; id. Stich. 1, 2, 1; 5, 4, 10; id. Ep. 1, 1, 58; 3, 1, 7; Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 62.— B. With other subjects (not freq. till after the Aug. per.): octo milia liberorum servorumque capitum sunt capta, Liv. 29, 29: corpori, quod servum fortuna erat, vim fecit, id. 38, 24: Graeciae urbes servae et vectigales (opp. liberae), id. 34, 58: civitas, id. 25, 31: Lacedaemon, id. 34, 41: serva manus, Ov. F. 6, 558: o imitatores, servum pecus! Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 19: serva aqua, i. e. servorum, Ov. Am. 1, 6, 26; cf. Petr. 71: servam operam, linguam liberam herus me jussit habere, Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 9: omnia non serva et maxime regna hostilia ducunt (Romani), Sall. H. 4, 61, 17 Dietsch: reges serva omnia et subjecta imperio suo esse velint, Liv. 37, 54; 42, 46: statu libera quicquid peperit, hoc servum heredis est, Dig. 40, 7, 16.— II. Jurid. t. t., of buildings, lands, etc., liable to certain burdens, subject to a servitude: libera (praedia) meliore jure sunt quam serva, Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 9: fundus, Dig. 8, 6, 6: aedes, ib. 8, 2, 35: area, ib. 8, 2, 34 al.; cf. servio, II. B., and servitus, II B.—Hence,
servus Copy link Outline I. a slave, servant, serf, serving-man; a female slave ...A. Masc. , Enn. ap. ...2. Trop.B. Fem. ⓘserve: masc voc sg • servus (-ŏs), i, m., and serva, ae, f., I. a slave, servant, serf, serving-man; a female slave, maid-servant. A. Masc. (syn.: famulus, mancipium), Enn. ap. Non. 471, 19 (Com. v. 5 Vahl.); Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: servi, ancillae, id. ap. Fest. s. v. prohibere, p. 234 Müll.; cf.: Ulixes domi etiam contumelias servorum ancillarumque pertulit, Cic. Off. 1, 31, 113: servus armiger, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 39: dotalis, id. As. 1, 1, 72: frugi, id. Aul. 4, 1, 1: graphicus et quantivis pretii, id. Ep. 3, 3, 29: nequam et malus, id. Poen. 5, 2, 70: scelestus, infidelis, id. Trin. 2, 4, 126: peculiosus, id. Rud. 1, 2, 24: peculiaris, id. Capt. prol. 20: fallax, Ov. Am. 1, 15, 17: servus a pedibus, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1: a manu, Suet. Caes. 74: aliquem servum sibi habere ad manum, Cic. de Or. 3, 60, 225: publici, public slaves, S. C. ap. Front. Aquaed. 100; Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 13, 4; Cic. Phil. 8, 8, 24; Liv. 9, 29 fin. et saep.; cf. Dig. 1, 5, 5.—Prov.: quot servi, tot hostes, Sinn. Capito ap. Fest. s. v. quot, p. 261 Müll.; cf. Sen. Ep. 47, 3; Macr. S. 1, 11 med.—Esp.: poenae servus, a slave of punishment, i. e. condemned to servile labor, Just. Inst. 1, 12, 3; Dig. 48, 19, 17.— 2. Trop.: vidit enim eos, qui se judiciorum dominos dici volebant, harum cupiditatum esse servos, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 22, § 58: neque tam servi illi dominorum, quam tu libidinum, id. ib. 2, 4, 50, § 112: omnium libidinum servi, Plin. Ep. 8, 22, 1: adulescens libertorum suorum libertus servorumque servus, Vell. 2, 73, 1: servus potestatis, Cic. Cael. 32, 79; cf. also the doubtful reading: legum omnes servi sumus ut liberi esse possimus, id. Clu. 53, 146 (where B. and K. have omnes servimus).— B. Fem. (mostly anteclass. for ancilla): servae sint istae an liberae, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 62: ego serva sum, id. Cist. 4, 2, 99; id. Pers. 4, 4, 63; id. Poen. 5, 4, 31: serva nata, id. Rud. 1, 3, 37: servum servaque natum regnum occupasse, Liv. 1, 47 fin.: serva Briseis, Hor. C. 2, 4, 3 et saep.
Servĭus Copy link Outline I. A Roman proper name, esp. in the Sulpician gens; whence Servii is sometimes used for Sulpicii, Oth. ap. ...II. Servius Tullius, the sixth king of Rome; ...III. Servius Maurus Honoratus, a grammarian under Valentinian ... ⓘSer | ve: masc (abbrev) • Servĭus, i, m. I. A Roman proper name, esp. in the Sulpician gens; whence Servii is sometimes used for Sulpicii, Oth. ap. Tac. H. 2, 48.—Esp., Servius Sulpitius Rufus, an eminent jurist and statesman, contemporary with Cicero, alled Servius, Dig. 47, 2, 76, § 1; Gai. Inst. 2, 244; v. Sulpicius.—Hence, Servĭānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Servius Sulpitius the jurist, Servian: actio, Dig. 20, 1, 3; for which also simply Servĭāna, ae, ib. 20, 1, 1; 20, 1, 7; 20, 1, 10.— II. Servius Tullius, the sixth king of Rome; v. Tullius.— III. Servius Maurus Honoratus, a grammarian under Valentinian, a commentator on Vergil.
servus Copy link ⓘservē: adverbialserve: masc/neut voc sg · masc voc sg • 1 servus, a, um, d'esclave, esclave, asservi : serva capita Liv. 29, 29, 3, = servi, esclaves ; servum pecus Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 19, troupeau servile ; servam civitatem habere Liv. 25, 31, 5, tenir une cité asservie || [droit] prædia serva Cic. Agr. 3, 9, terres grevées de servitudes.
servus Copy link ⓘservē: adverbialserve: masc/neut voc sg · masc voc sg • 2 servus, ī, m., esclave : Pl., Ter., Cic. etc. || [fig.] cupiditatum Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, esclave des passions, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 112 ; Cæl. 79.
Servĭus Copy link ⓘSer | ve: masc (abbrev) • Servĭus, ĭī, m., prénom dans la famille des Sulpicius || Servius Tullius, sixième roi de Rome || Servius Maurus Honoratus, grammairien de la fin du ive s. apr. J.-C., commentateur de Virgile.
servus Copy link ⓘservē: adverbialserve: masc/neut voc sg · masc voc sg SERVVS [1] i. m. [δοῦλος, θεράπων, λάτρης, οἰκέτης] Homo non liber, nec sui iuris, sed qui est in potestate et dominio peculioue alterius. […] 🗁 Page Scan .
servus Copy link ⓘservē: adverbialserve: masc/neut voc sg · masc voc sg SERVVS [2] a, um. Adi. [δουλεύων] vt, Cic. de Lege Agrar. 3, 9 c. 2 […] 🗁 Page Scan .
servius Copy link ⓘSer | ve: masc (abbrev) SERVIVS [Σέρβιος] Praenomen, eius qui mortua matre in vtero seruatus est A. Epitom de Nominibus sub Val. Max. Rex Rom. Servius Tullius praecipuus sanctor legum suit Tacit. Ann. 3, 26.
serve (v.) Copy link Outline I. To bestow labour of body or mind in the employment of anotherII. To attend at command, to wait onIII. To render assistance to by good offices1. servio, 4 (with dat.)2. commŏdo, 1 (to oblige, do a service to3. prōsum, fui, prodesse (most gen. term; to benefit in whatever way4. praesto sum (comp. supr. II.)5. condūco, xi, ctum, 3 (with in or ad, and acc. or dat.; the last when a person is the object)6. prōfĭcio, fēci, fectum, 3 (to be useful to or promotive ofIV. To be sufficient forV. To be in the place of anything to any one1. pro with sum2. expr. by instar esse (a strong expr. = to be as good or great as)VI. To s., in military sense, in the army or navy1. stīpendia mĕreor, or mĕreo, 2 (lit. to earn pay2. stīpendia făcio, 33. mīlĭto, 14. ēmĕreo s. emĕreor, 2 (to s. out, complete one's term of service)VII. To use, to manage; as to s. the artillery in a battleVIII. To s. a writ • serve (v.): I. To bestow labour of body or mind in the employment of another: servio, īvi or ii, ītum, 4 (with dat.): to obey and s. another man, alteri parere ac s., Cic. Rab. Post. 8, extr.: it is just that your slave should s. you according to your wish, justum est tuus tibi servus tuo arbitratu s., Pl. Bac. 4, 8, 71. Comp. dēservio, 4 (to s. diligently: also with dat.): of your own health, while diligently s.ing me, you have not taken sufficient care, valetudini tuae, dum mihi deservis, servisti non satis, Cic. Fam. 16, 18, med.: to s. any one diligently, alicui deservire, id. Off. 1, 30, 108. (Famulari, v. rare, and best avoided.) II. To attend at command, to wait on: praesto sum (to be in attendance, wait on and s.): cf. Cic. Fin. 2, 21, 69, praesto esse virtutes ut ancillulas: v. to wait on. See also infr. (III., 4). Phr.: to s. at table, ad mensam consistere, id. Tusc. 5, 21, 61: cf. Hor. Od. 1, 29, 8 (ad cyathum statui, i. e. serve as cupbearer): v. to wait, attend. III. To render assistance to by good offices: 1. servio, 4 (with dat.): to s. the people, populo s., Cic. Planc. 4, fin.: that man may have power to s. the advancement of many, is multorum honori s. polleat, id. Brut. 69, 242. 2. commŏdo, 1 (to oblige, do a service to: also with dat.): I beg you to s. him in everything which you can do without inconvenience, peto abs te, ut omnibus rebus, quod sine molestia tua facere possis, ei commodes, id. Fam. 13, 35, fin.: to s. any one in any thing, alicui in aliqua re c., ib, 13, 37, fin. 3. prōsum, fui, prodesse (most gen. term; to benefit in whatever way: with dat.): who s. neither themselves nor another, qui nec sibi nec alteri p., id. Off. 2, 10, 36: my letters will not s. you at all, nihil tibi meae literae proderunt, id. Fam. 2, 17, fin. 4. praesto sum (comp. supr. II.): he learned the civil law, he s.d many, jus civile didicit, multis pr. fuit, id. Mur. 9, 19: to s. your safety, tuae saluti pr. esse, id. Fam. 4, 14, fin. 5. condūco, xi, ctum, 3 (with in or ad, and acc. or dat.; the last when a person is the object): to s. your interest, in rem tuam c., Pl. Cist. 3, 4: to s. the common welfare, reipublicae c., Cic. Prov. Cons. 1, 1: cf. id. Off. 1, 3, 9 (ad vitae commoditatem). 6. prōfĭcio, fēci, fectum, 3 (to be useful to or promotive of: with in or ad and acc.): nothing s.s so much to the acquiring of eloquence as writing down one's thoughts, nulla res tantum ad dicendum pr. quam scriptio, Cic. Brut. 24, 92: cf. Liv. 3, 61, fin. (parvaque certamina in summam totius spei profecerant). IV. To be sufficient for: suffĭcere; satis (sat) esse: v. to suffice. V. To be in the place of anything to any one: 1. pro with sum: Sicily has s.d us for a provision cupboard, Siciliam nobis pro penaria cella fuisse, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, fin.: v. substitute. 2. expr. by instar esse (a strong expr. = to be as good or great as): cf. Cic. Br. 51, 191, Plato mihi instar omnium est, i. e. is as good as all the rest together; or will s. for all the rest. VI. To s., in military sense, in the army or navy: 1. stīpendia mĕreor, or mĕreo, 2 (lit. to earn pay: the subs. is sometimes omitted): he s.d in that war, in eo bello stipendia meruit, Cic. Mur. 5, 12: we began to s., mereri stipendia coeperamus, id. Cael. 5, 11: to s. in the cavalry, merere equo, id. Phil. 1, 8, 20: to s. in the infantry, merere pedibus, Liv. 24, 18, fin. (See also infr. 4.) 2. stīpendia făcio, 3: to s. under that general, sub eo duce stipendia f., Liv. 10, 24, init.: cf. Sall. J. 63, med. (stipendiis faciundis). 3. mīlĭto, 1: in whose army Cato's son s.d as a cadet, in cujus exercitu Catonis filius tiro militabat, Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36: to s. under any one's standard, sub signis alicujus m., Liv. 23, 42, fin.: to grant a prisoner his life on the condition of s.ing against his friends, capto sub conditione vitam concedere ut adversus amicos suos militet, Suet. Caes. 68, init.: to s. with any one, apud aliquem m., Curt. 6, 5; cum aliquo, id. 8, 8. Fig.: I have lately lived a fit companion for maidens, and have s.d (under the standard of Venus) not without renown, vixi puellis nuper idoneus, et militavi non sine gloria, Hor. Od. 3, 26, 1. 4. ēmĕreo s. emĕreor, 2 (to s. out, complete one's term of service): from no one was the hope of s.ing out his time taken away, nemini spes emerendi stipendia adempta, Liv. 25, 6, ad fin.: having s.d out their time, stipendiis emeritis, Sall. J. 84, med.: cf. Liv. 3, 57, fin. VII. To use, to manage; as to s. the artillery in a battle: admĭnistro, 1: the artillery which is s.d by horsemen, *tormenta, quae ab equitibus administrantur (Kr.). VIII. To s. a writ: expr. by vocare (to summon authoritatively; which, however, was done by a messenger, not by means of a written document): cf. Gell. 13, 12 (throughout): v. summons.
SERVE Copy link • SERVETo render service, servire alicui or apud aliquem (especially as a slave): alicui famulari, ex alicujus famulatu esse, in famulatu or in ministerio alicujus esse, ministerium alicui facere (as a servant for hire): in alicujus operis esse, operam suam alicui locavisse (to be a day-laborer): alicui apparere (as a secretary, or magistrate’s officer): alicui or alicujus rebus adesse (in a court of justice, as an advocate; opposed to alicui abesse): aliquem colere, venerari (to serve with reverence; as, God): militare: merere; stipendia facere or merere (mereri); stipendia merere in bello (to do military service). To serve on horseback, on foot, equo (equis), pedibus merere; equo (equis), pedibus stipendia facere (merere). To serve for pay, mercede apud aliquem militare: to serve under anybody, aliquo imperatore or imperante, sub aliquo merere; sub aliquo or sub signis alicujus militare; alicujus castra sequi. To serve with anybody, militare cum aliquo; cum aliquo in castris esse: we have served together, eum commilitonem habui; simul militavimus. He had served thirty-five years, quinque et triginta stipendia fecerat: to serve out one’s time, emereri (general term): stipendia conficere or emereri (of soldiers): to have already served out his year, annuum tempus jam emeritum habere: to have served out one’s time, rude donatum esse (PROP., of gladiators; then figuratively and facete also of others, Hor., Ep., 1, 1, 2, Schmid.): stipendiis or militia functum esse (of soldiers). To show favors or civil attentions to anybody, alicui servire, deservire, inservire; alicui adesse, praesto esse (to assist, to be ready to help in time of need): alicui gratum facere, gratificari (to show kindness to anybody): to serve one in anything, aliquem juvare aliqua re (to help with anything): commodare alicui aliquid (to lend). To be useful to or for anything, esse (with a dative; also with a genitive of the participle future passive, and of a substantive): prodesse (to be good for anything): usui or ex usu esse, utilem esse (to be useful or serviceable): utilitatem habere or afferre (to have or bring advantage): conducere, juvare (to be conducive, to aid): valere contra aliquid, mederi alicui rei, facere ad aliquid (to be of service as a remedy against anything; of medicines): to serve as an alleviation, levationem facere; levamentum praestare