namely Copy link Outline 1. expr. by apposition of subs.2. when greater emphasis is needed3. scīlĭcet (not so in good authors)4. introducing an entire sentence illustrative of something that has gone before, nam • namely: 1. expr. by apposition of subs.: two most powerful cities, n., Carthage and Corinth, duae potentissimae urbes, Carthago et Corinthus, Cic. Man. 20, 60: these most base and inconsistent vices, n., luxury and avarice, pessuma ac diversa inter se mala, luxuria atque avaritia, Sall. Cat. 5: cf. ib. 9, duabus his artibus, audacia in bello; ubi pax evenerat, aequitate, these two virtues, namely, ...: et pass. 2. when greater emphasis is needed: dīco (I mean to say): cf. Cic. N. D. 1, 31, 86, ea quae timenda esse negaret, mortem dico et deos, i. e. namely, death and the gods: cf. id. Tusc. 1, 32, 78, amicos nostros Stoicos ..., eos dico, qui dicunt, etc. In similar sense, Hor. has inquam: cetera turba, nos inquam (namely, ourselves), Sat. 2, 8, 27. 3. scīlĭcet (not so in good authors): cf. Suet. Aug. 29, quaedam opera alieno nomine, nepotum scilicet et uxoris sororisque, i. e. namely, that of his grandsons, etc. (N.B.--A usage to be sparingly followed.) So also vĭdēlĭcet is occasionally used, where the reference to some person or thing is quite obvious: cf. Cic. Leg. 2, 10, 24, caste jubet lex adire ad deos, animo videlicet, in quo sunt omnia ("that is to say," or "namely" in mind): cf. Smith's Lat. Dict. s. v. (II.). 4. introducing an entire sentence illustrative of something that has gone before, nam: cf. Cic. Part. 11, 38, rerum bonarum et malarum tria sunt genera: nam aut in animis, aut in corporibus, aut extra esse possunt: i. e. namely, mental, bodily, or external (Kr.): also Virg. G. 1, 451, hoc etiam ... profuerit meminisse magis: nam saepe videmus ... i. e. namely, we often see, etc.: v. for.
NAMELY Copy link • NAMELYAs a particle of explanation, for the filling up of a foregoing general idea: In this case it is usually not translated, but the word following stands in apposition; e.g., if you would root out avarice, its parent must be rooted out, namely, luxury, avaritiam si tollere vultis, mater ejus est tollenda, luxuries (Vid: Ramsh., § 95, 4). Sometimes it is expressed by is est or qui est; as, that most moving eloquence, namely, the natural, *maxime illa movens eloquentia, quae est naturalis, or naturalis ea est. For greater emphasis, we may use dico or inquam (where the context allows the first person of the verb); e.g., the earlier orators, namely, Crassus and Antonius, superiores oratores, Crassum dico et Antonium: for the rest, namely, ourselves, eat birds, nam cetera turba, nos, inquam, cenamus aves (see Ramsh., § 95, 4). In subjoining a special idea as an explanation to a general one, we find et or que (affixed); e.g., at certain times, namely, when duties or urgent circumstances require it, it will often happen that, etc., temporibus quibusdam, et aut officiis debitis aut rerum necessitatibus, saepe eveniet, ut, etc. (Cic., De Fin., 1, 10, 33). The disease, namely, the plague, morbus pestilentiaque (Liv., 41, 21, 11; Vid: Ramsh., § 188, 2; Drakenb., Liv., 6, 16, 8). [☞ In this sense we rarety find scilicet and videlicet; never nempe or nimirum.] For subjoining a whole proposition, which serves as an explanation or confirmation of the preceding, nam, enim, etenim [Vid: FOR], quidem (in order to bring out more prominently a word going before, especially the pronouns): nimirum (stronger than the foregoing = evidently, as is well known, etc.); ☞ but we can never so use nempe, scilicet, and videlicet: nempe = “surely, forsooth” is sarcastic or ironical; Vid: Zumpt, § 278.