know Copy link Outline I. To have a clear perception that a thing is so1. scio, 42. cognosco, ōvi, ĭtum, 3 (to come to the knowledge of facts, by observation or enquiry3. not to know, ignōro, 1II. To have an accurate knowledge of; esp. with ref. to languageIII. To be acquainted with, esp. a person1. nosco, 3 (esp. in perf. tenses; the imperf. tenses signi y, to get to k.)2. negative, ignōro, 1IV. To know how1. scio, 42. calleo, ui, 2 (to be expert • know: I. To have a clear perception that a thing is so: 1. scio, 4: foll. by acc. and inf., acc. of neut. pron., or rel. clause with subj.; also de and abl.: I k. that this is false, scio haec falsa esse: this I k., hoc scio: I k. how fond your friends are of you, scio quam sis amicis jucundus: he declared that he knew nothing about Sulla, de Sulla se scire negavit, Cic. Sull. 13, 39 (et pass.). Special phr.: as far as I k., quod sciam, Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 7: Cic.: more precisely, quantum ego quidem sciam, Quint. 3, 1, 19: let me k., fac ut sciam, Cic. Att. 4, 8, init.: I don't k. whether ... not, haud scio (nescio) an, with subj.: cf. Cic. Lig. 9, 26, constantiam dico? nescio an melius patientiam dicere possim, I don't k. whether I ought not rather to call it ...: cf. inclined (I., Phr.). So, negative of preced., nescio, 4 (not to know): same constr. as preced.: Cic. 2. cognosco, ōvi, ĭtum, 3 (to come to the knowledge of facts, by observation or enquiry: hence, in present sense, chiefly in perf. tenses): constr. usu. with acc. of object: also, acc. and inf., or rel. clause: that fact he k.s from their Gallic arms, id se a Gallicis armis cognovisse, Caes. B. G. 1, 22: Metellus knew by experience that ..., Metello experimentis cognitum erat, with acc. and inf., Sall. Jug. 46: v. to ascertain. 3. not to know, ignōro, 1: in this sense esp. with a negative, as haud (non) ignoro; or interrog. pron., as quis ignorat? Cic.: v. IGNORANT (TO BE). Phr.: it is well k.n, constat (v. agreed, to be): I k. quite well that you ..., notum exploratumque est mihi, te ..., Cic. fil. Fam. 16, 21, ad init.; compertum habeo (of that which one has tested by experience), Sall. Jug. 58, init.: do you k. what I mean? tenes quorsum haec tendant quae loquor? Pl. Ps. 1, 2, 81: so habeo is used, cf. Cic. Att. 5, 21, 7, extr., habes consilia nostra: nunc cognosce de Bruto, "you now k. (are in possession of) my plans; let me tell you about Brutus." II. To have an accurate knowledge of; esp. with ref. to language: nosco, vi, tum, 3 (esp. in perf. tenses: the imperf. signifying to get to know): to k. the laws, leges, jura nosse, Cic. in Pis. 13, 30. Negatively, ignoro: v. ignorant, to be. Phr.: to k. Latin, or not to k. it, Latine scire, nescire, Cic. Br. 37, 140: to k. geometry well, *geometricas rationes bene perspectas habere: See also infr. (IV.) III. To be acquainted with, esp. a person: 1. nosco, 3 (esp. in perf. tenses; the imperf. tenses signi y, to get to k.): cf. Pl. As. 2, 4, 58, Sauream non novi.--At nosce sane, "if you do not as yet k. him, I should like you to do so:" to k. a man by sight, nosse aliquem de facie, Cic. in Pis. 32, 81: cf. Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 25, non novi hominis faciem. 2. negative, ignōro, 1: you do not k. me Clinias, me ignoras, Clinia! Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 53: cf. Cic. Rab. Post. 12, 33, et illum et me vehementer ignoras ("you are greatly mistaken in both him and me"). Phr.: to get to k. any one more intimately, aliquem propius inspicere, Plin. Ep. 4, 15, 3: to k. any one intimately, aliquo familiariter uti (implying friendship): v. intimately. IV. To know how: 1. scio, 4: to k. how to handle and use a thing, rem tractare et uti scire, Cic. Rep. 1, 17: Hor. Negatively, nescio (= non possum): cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 18, init., (Stoici) omnino irasci nesciunt, don't k. how (= cannot) to be angry: Hor. 2. calleo, ui, 2 (to be expert: in this sense, poet.): who k.s how to bear poverty, qui c. pauperiem pati, Hor. Od. 4, 9, 49. See also able, to be.
KNOW Copy link • KNOWscire (to possess full and accurate knowledge of anything): novisse (to have become acquainted with, to be acquainted with; hence also, to know persons): alicujus rei scientiam habere, aliquid cognītum habere (to have full scientific knowledge of anything): non nescire: non ignorare (not to be ignorant that): alicujus rei non ignarum esse (not to be ignorant of anything): didicisse (to have learned): me non fugit or praeterit aliquid (anything does not escape me): tenere: intelligere (to be aware; to understand): noscere (to make one’s self acquainted with; e.g., know thyself, nosce te or animum tuum, Cic.): cognoscere (to become acquainted with, by the senses or by information). I don’t know, nescio: ignōro: me fugit: me praeterit: not knowing that the dictator was arrived, ignari venisse dictatorem: I don’t know which way to turn, nescio, quo me convertam: I don’t know what to write, non habeo, quid scribam (non habeo, quod scribam = I have nothing to say; Krüger). I don’t know whether or that (= I am inclined to think; as a modestly-expressed affirmation), haud scio, an; nescio an: ☞ If “not,” or any other negative, is expressed in English, omit it in Latin; if there is no “not” or other negative in English, insert it in Latin. I don’t know whether this is not the shorter way of the two, haud scio an haec brevior via sit: I don’t know that you can, haud scio an non possis. [It is not quite certain whether quisquam, ullus, etc., are ever here used for nullus, etc., Zumpt, § 721 Krebs, 520; but no student should ever use them, as their use is, at all events, rare and exceptional.] They hardly knew whether these should be allowed to enter or not, de iis dubitatum est, admitterentur in urbem necne: do you know? don’t you know? scin’? scisne? nostin’? I well know, bene or probe scio: I know well that, non dubito, quin, etc. (Nep., here regularly uses accusative and infinitive; Vid: Praef. 1, 1.) I know (in an answer), scio: teneo: As far as I know, quod scio: quantum scio: quod sciam. To know for certain, certo or certe scire (certo denoting subj ective certainty, the certainty of conviction; certe, objective certainty, the certainty of the event itself); pro certo scire; certum habere; exploratum or cognitum habere; certura est mihi aliquid or de aliqua re; exploratum or notum exploratumque est aliquid or de aliqua re; cognitum compertumque mihi est aliquid: to know on good authority, certis auctoribus comperisse: not to know for certain, certum nescire. I don’t know what to decide, incertus sum, quid faciam; in incerto habeo, quidnam consilii capiam: he said (in a court of justice) that he did not know, negavit se comperisse: know that, scias; sic habeto; habeto tantum: you must know, scire licet (with accusative and infinitive): this is all I know, non amplius memini (it is all I recollect); non amplius scio: to know about anything, alicujus rei or de aliqua re conscium esse; de aliqua re scire: to know about anybody, de aliquo scire or audivisse: to know from anybody, ex or de aliquo scire; aliquo comperisse, also ex aliquo; per aliquem (if an agent of one’s own); ex aliquo audivisse: nobody shall know it from me, ex me nemo sciet: he does not let us know anything about him, nihil de eo auditur; litteras non scribit: let me know, fac me certiorem; fac ut sciam: I wished you to know this, id te scire volui: let me know your opinion, fac intelligam, tu quid de hac re sentias: let all the parties concerned know it, omnes sciant, quorum interest. I wish to know, volo or cupio scire: he pretends to know all about it, *simulat se omnia scire. To know how = to be able, etc., scire: to know how to use anything, aliquid tractare et uti scire. He does not know how to be angry, irasci nescit: to know no measure and no limits, nihil pensi neque moderati habere (Sall., Cat., 12, 2). To recognize, cognoscere: that no one might know me, ne quis me cognosceret: to know anybody or anything by anything, cognoscere aliqua re (e.g., by manifest signs, non dubiis signis): agnoscere ex re (e.g., anybody by his works, aliquem ex operibus suis): noscitare aliqua re (e.g., a person by his voice, by his face, aliquem voce, facie). To be acquainted with, novisse: cognovisse: cognitum habere (general terms; novisse aliquem, both to be acquainted with a person and to see through him, to understand him; e.g., novi ego nostros, Cic.): alicujus rei notitiam habere or tenere (☞ it is better, perhaps, not to use cognitionem habere, as it occurs only in insitas eorum [deorum] vel potius innatas cognitiones habemus, Cic., N.D., 1, 17, 44): didicisse (to know anything from information received; opposed to ignorare). Sometimes vidisse: tenere: intelligere aliquem or aliquid (with reference to a thing = to understand its peculiar nature; with reference to a person = to understand his character; to be able to appreciate his motives, etc.; opposed to ignorare). To know anything thoroughly, cognitum or perspectum habere; penitus nosse aliquid; cognitum comprebensumque habere aliquid. To know each other, se inter se noscere: to know anybody intimately, aliquem familiariter nosse: to know anybody thoroughly, aliquem bene, optime, pulchre, probe nosse (general terms; ☞ aliquem propius nosse, not Latin); aliquem penitus inspexisse; pernosse aliquem, qualis sit; intus et in cute nosse (Persius, 3, 30) nosse tamquam ungues digitosque suos (Juv., 8, 232; to have a thorough knowledge of his character, etc.): pulchre callere alicujus sensum (to be well acquainted with his sentiments, feelings, etc.): qui vir et quantus sit, altissime inspexisse (to be thoroughly acquainted with his high-minded character, etc.): to know anybody thoroughly, aliquem penitus cognoscere; aliquem cognoscere et intelligere (☞ Velleius, 2, 114, 5): to know anybody by sight, aliquem de facie nosse: not to know anybody, aliquem non nosse; aliquis mihi est ignotus; ignorare aliquem (seldom in this sense; as Nep., Arist., 1, 4; mostly = not to understand anybody’s character, worth, etc.). Worth knowing, cognitione dignus: dignus, qui cognoscatur.