free (adj.) Copy link Outline I. Enjoying liberty of any kind1. līber, ĕra, ĕrum2. sŏlūtus (not under restraint or control3. intĕger (not tampered with, independent)II. Exempt from1. līber (foll. by abl. with or without a, ab)2. sŏlūtus (less freq. in this sense3. expers, rtis (not partaking of; exempt from4. văcuus (void ofIII. Without price, for nothingIV. Of space • free (adj.): I. Enjoying liberty of any kind: 1. līber, ĕra, ĕrum: (a). in civil sense: in civil law, he who is born of a f. mother, is f., in jure civili, qui est matre l., liber est, Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 45: Liv.: hence, of freedom from taxation: lands subject to no burden and f., agri immunes ac l., Cic. Verr. 2, 69, 166: f. trade, *commercia immunia ac l. (b.) of freedom of mind, action, etc.: it has been said that no one is f. but the wise man, dictum est nisi sapientem l. esse nullum, Cic.: a f. (independent) judgment, l. judicium, Cic. Dom. 2, 10: f. (unfettered) power of decision, l. arbitrium, Liv. 31, 11 (only in later Lat. = free-will, August.): the poet freer in respect of liberty of language (than the orator), verborum licentia liberior poeta, Cic. de Or. 1, 16, 70: one is f. (to do this or that), alicui liberum est (with inf.), Quint. 6, 3, extr.: Plin. jun. (not Cic.). (c). = outspoken, frank: a f. tongue, l. lingua, Pl. Cist. 1, 2, 7: a letter somewhat more f. than usual, liberiores literae, Cic. Att. 1, 13, 1: a simple, f. youth, adolescens imprudens et l., Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 40: freer discussion, liberior [in utramque partem] disputatio, Quint. 2. sŏlūtus (not under restraint or control: esp. of freedom of mind or language): very often joined with liber: a f. and unfettered mind, s. liberque animus, Cic. Verr. 2, 75, 185: f. in the expression of his thoughts, s. in explicandis sententiis, Cic. Br. 47, 73 (but solutus in Cic. not unfreq. = lax, wanting nerve, vigour): if I were perfectly f. to act in any way I chose, si essent omnia mihi solutissima, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 8. 3. intĕger (not tampered with, independent): a f. and independent judgment, judicium i. ac liberum, Cic. Div. 2, extr. Phr.: a marriage of f. persons, liberale conjugium, Tac.: one born of f. parents, ingenuus, ingenua, Cic.: Hor.: to become f. (one's own master), de (a) potestate alicujus exire, Ulp. Dig. 37, 4, 1, 6: do they call this a f. country, hiccine libertatem aiunt aequam esse omnibus? Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 29: to do a thing of one's own f. will, sua voluntate aliquid facere, Cic. (v. voluntarily): in order to get a freer articulation, quo facilius verba ore exprimeret, Quint. 11, 3, 54. II. Exempt from: 1. līber (foll. by abl. with or without a, ab): a mind f. from all care, animus omni liber cura, Cic. Fin. 1, 15, 49: Liv.: but in Cic. the prep. is more freq. found; as, l. a delictis, Agr. 1, 9, 27: liberi ab omni sumptu; Verr. 4, 10, 23: sometimes the MSS. vary, as in Off. 1, 20, 67: [ab] omni perturbatione animi liber: in later writers the abl. alone is more freq. Poet. with gen., f. from toil, l. laborum, Hor. A. P. 212. 2. sŏlūtus (less freq. in this sense: constr. same as preced.): a consul f. from passion, consul s. a cupiditatibus, Cic. Agr. 1, 9, 27: the soul f. (released) from the body, s. anima corpore, Quint.: f. from toil, s. operum, Hor. Od. 3, 17, extr. 3. expers, rtis (not partaking of; exempt from: with gen., and abl. with or without prep.): v. exempt. 4. văcuus (void of: usu. with abl.): f. from that danger, v. ab isto periculo, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, med. (but even in Cic. the abl. alone is more usual): v. exempt. Phr.: to be f. from all pain, omni dolore carere, Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 38: to be f. from death (i. e. immortal), morte carere, Hor.: to be f. from blame, extra culpam ease, Cic. Verr. 5, 51, 134; a culpa remotum esse, id. Mur. 35, 73; abesse a culpa, id. Fam. 6, 2: to be f. from care and business, cura et negotio vacare, Cic.: Liv. See also foll. artt. III. Without price, for nothing: grātuitus (ī or ĭ): f. (unbought) suffrages, g. suffragia, Cic.: f. seats in the Circus, g. in Circo loca, Suet. Cal. 26: cf. id. Ner. 17. Phr.: a f. distribution of corn, frumentaria largitio, Cic. Off. 2, 21, 72. IV. Of space: not occupied: pūrus: f. spaces in the city, loca in urbe pura Varr. L. L. 5, 6 (4), 38: a f., open plain, p. ac patens campus, Liv. 24, 14: cf. Cic. Sen. 17, 59, humus subacta atque pura. A f. open space (in a city), ārea, Varr. l. c.
free (v.) Copy link Outline I. In gen. sense1. lībĕro, 1 (foll. by acc., and abl. either alone or with prep.)2. exĭmo, ēmi, mptum, 3 (foll. by acc., and abl. usu. with prep., or in later writers dat.)3. exuo, i, ūtum, 3 (with acc. and abl., or dat. and acc.)4. expĕdio, 4II. Specially, to give liberty to a slave • free (v.): i. e., to set f.: I. In gen. sense: 1. lībĕro, 1 (foll. by acc., and abl. either alone or with prep.): to f. oneself from inconvenience, se ex incommodis l., Cic. Verr. 5, 9, 23: to f. a person from blame, aliquem culpa l., Cic. Att. 13, 22: in later writers the abl. is usually without prep.: v. to deliver. Absol., to f. lands, marts, harbours, etc. (viz. from taxes or tolls), agros, emporia, portus l., Cic. Agr. 1, 4, 10. 2. exĭmo, ēmi, mptum, 3 (foll. by acc., and abl. usu. with prep., or in later writers dat.): to f. any one from fetters, aliquem e vinculis ex., Cic. Or. 23, 77: to f. citizens from bondage, cives servitio ex., Liv. 28, 39. 3. exuo, i, ūtum, 3 (with acc. and abl., or dat. and acc.): hands f.d from fetters, palmae vinclis exutae, Virg.: to f. oneself from a yoke, se jugo ex., Liv. 34, 13, extr.: to f. oneself from fetters, vincula sibi ex., Ov. Fig.: to free oneself from the toils, ex laqueis se exuere, Cic. Verr. 5, 58, 151: v. to divest, release. 4. expĕdio, 4: v. to extricate. II. Specially, to give liberty to a slave: lībĕro, mănūmitto: v. to emancipate.
FREE Copy link • FREE 1. (1) Not impeded or oppressed by any encumbrance, liber (the proper word): solutus (delivered from anything that acts as a constraint). (The words are found in this connection and order.) liber et solutus; liber solutusque; solutus ac liber. Free from anything, liber, liberatus re or a re; vacuus re or a re (especially from anything burdensome or troublesome); expers alicujus rei (not partaking in or not subject to anything, especially of mental agitations and passions; ☞ Cic., Verr., 4, 10, 23,” vacui, expertes, soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumtu, molestia, munere”); intactus aliqua re (not yet affected or stirred by anything; e.g., by superstition; of passions, desires). ☞ “Free from anything” may also be sometimes expressed by the negative prefix “in;” e.g., f. from imposts, taxes, etc., immunis: free from guilt, innocens: free from intermixture, immixtus, etc.: free from burdens, imposts, etc., Vid: “EXEMPT from: “an estate free from all encumbrances, praedium solutum (opposed to obligatum, Cic. Rull., 3, 2, 9): free from fear, liber metu: free from care, liber cura (et angore); cura or curis vacuus; cura et angore vacuus; curae expers; curis liber solutusque; a sollicitudinibus et curis remotus (that has no care or grief; the last three of persons only); securus (without care; of one who feels no anxiety even when there is sufficient cause for it): to be entirely free from care, omnes curas abjecisse: in utramvis aurem or in dextram aurem dormire (Prov., Ter., Heaut., 2, 2, 100; Plin., Ep., 4, 29, in.): free from blame or guilt, vacuus a culpa; liber culpa; innocens; also, liber a delictis: free from passions, solutus or remotus a cupiditatibus: cupiditatum expers: to be free from anything, vacationem, immunitatem habere alicujus rei (the former of anything oppressive, but especially, like the latter, of any impost or duty, as military service, taxes, etc.); abesse, abhorrere a re (to be free from, e.g., of suspicion); carere aliqua re (not to have anything; e.g., a disease, mental agitation, fear, etc.): to make or set anybody free, Vid: To FREE. (2) Not subject to the commands or power of others, especially not to any civil coercion, liber (of people, states, etc.): ingenuus (free-born, or, like liberalis, worthy of a free-born man). A free man, homo liber, ingenuus; corpus liberum: the free population, plebs (opposed to slaves and nobility; Vid: Dilthey, Tac. Germ., 11, p. 98): a free state, people, etc., liber populus; libera civitas; civitas libera atque immunis (of one that had been tributary): to set free (a prisoner), aliquem e custodia emittere: to make a slave free, servum manu mittere. Vid: To EMANCIPATE. (3) Not subject to limitations or restrictions; and (a) Locally, patens, apertus (open): purus (καθαρός, without trees, buildings, etc.): liber († liber campus, Ov.). (b) With reference to the body, to matter: to let anything have its free course, aliquid non impedire: to set anybody free, aliquem e custodia emittere, or (if by violent means) aliquem e custodia eripere: I have free access to anybody, patet mihi aditus ad aliquem; est mihi aditus familiaris in alicujus domum: to escape scot-free, poenas non dare aliquid impune facere (or fecisse) [Vid: SCOT-FREE]. To have one’s hands free (IMPROP.), libere agere or facere posse: if I had my hands quite free, si essent omnia mihi solutissima: free motion, motus solutus et liber. (c) With reference to the free-will of man, liber: solutus (not tied down). (The words are found in this connection and order.) liber atque solutus: to be free, sui juris or suae potestatis, or in sua potestate esse, integrae ac solidae libertatis esse (to be one’s own master): nulla necessitate astrictum esse (not to be tied by anything): not to be free, ex alterius arbitrio pendere (☞ not aliunde or extrinsecus pendere, which, torn from the context of Cic., ad Fam., 5, 13, 2, we sometimes find, in modern writers, in this meaning): a man’s free will, voluntas libera or soluta; potestas libera; arbitrinm. I am free to, etc., liberum est mihi; meum arbitrium est: I am still free to, integrum est; res mihi integra est: I am no longer free to, etc., non jam mihi licet, neque integrum est, ut etc.: to reserve to one’s self the free right to, de aliqua re (or de aliquo) integrum sibi reservare: if it were free to me to, si integrum daretur (Cic., Partit., 38, 132): Free choice, soluta eligendi optio [Vid: CHOICE]: a free discussion, liberior in utramque partem disputatio (Quint.). A free agent. As a free agent, or from his own free will, volens (opposed to coactus): non coactus: non invitus (= ἑκών, ἑκούσιος): voluntate (opposed to vi, or invitus et coactus). (The words are found in this connection and order.) judicio et voluntate: (sua) sponte. (The words are found in this connection and order.) sua sponte et voluntate: ultro (= αὐτομάτως, opposed to jussu alicujus, or jussus). (The words are found in this connection and order.) sponte et ultro. Free trade, jus commercii or commercium (the right of trading, general term): potestas merces exportandi (the right of exporting; after potestas equos educendi, Liv., 43, 5, 9), or *exportandi et invehendi: portoria sublata (plur., the abolition of all port dues and other duties, Cic., Att., 2, 16): *liberum commercii jus. (4) Licentious, unrestrained, liberior: ad licentiam alicujus rei (e.g., scribendi) liber (Cic.): to be free in censuring anybody, vocis libertate perstringere aliquem: to be too free in censuring anybody, libertate intemperantius invehi in aliquem. (5) Without pay, gratuitus (e.g., lodgings, hospitium; dwelling, habitatio): to have one’s lodging free, gratis habitare: to offer anybody a free lodging, *habitationem gratuitam alicui offerre: free-schooling, disciplina gratuita: a free table, victus gratuitus: anybody is a free scholar, *inter eos alumnos, qui publice (or regio sumtu) aluntur, locus alicui assignatur (in an institution, school, etc.): to give anybody his board free, *gratuitum victum alicui providere. (6) Not tying one’s self down, or following the usual mode of thinking or acting, liber: solutus (not tied down). (The words are found in this connection and order.) liber atque solutus: to be so free (= to take the liberty; e.g., to speak), audere; sibi sumere: a free imitation, *imitatio soluta ac libera: a free translation, *verba scriptoris non totidem verbis translata: a free life, licentia: free manners, procacitas; protervitas: too free in one’s manners, procax: protervus. 2. v. To place in a state of freedom, libertatem alicui dare, largiri, concedere: aliquem in libertatem vocare, vindicare (general terms): aliquem manu mittere: aliquem manu asserere in libertatem (of a slave; the latter, of one who had before been free, publicly before the praetor; Vid: Ruhnken. Ter. Ad., 2, 1, 40): e custodia emittere, or (if by force) eripere (to set a prisoner at liberty), libertatem alicui reddere: aliquem in libertatem restituere (to restore the freedom of anybody). To free one’s self (from prison), e vinculis se expedire; ex vinculis effugere: carceris vincula rumpere (the last, if by force); also, se liberare; in libertatem se vindicare; libertatem capessere (to free one’s self, in general): to free one’s self from a yoke, jugum exuere; jugo se exuere; from one’s misfortunes, ex malis se emergere or se extrahere: to free from bondage or slavery, servitute liberare or excipere; servitio eximere; e servitute in libertatem restituere or vindicare; servile jugum e cervicibus alicujus dejicere; ab aliquo servitutis jugum depellere; alicui conditionem servilem eripere. To rid from, to exempt, liberare re or a re: exsolvere re (to deliver): eximere re, or ex, or de re (with de re = to exempt from anything): levare re (to relieve from anything unpleasant; e.g., care, grief, fear, etc.): expedire re (to extricate): extrahere ex re (to drag out of): eripere ex or a re (to snatch out of; the last three, from dangerous positions, etc.). To free from disgrace, levare infamia; from torment, tormentis eripere; from fear, metu liberare, levare; a metu vindicare; from taxation, tithes, etc., agrum eximere de vectigalibus: freed from taxes or imposts, immunis liberque: freed, liberatus; liber; solutus; solutus ac liber. [SYN. in FREE To EXEMPT; and for “to free anybody from a charge,” Vid: To CLEAR.] To clear from obstruction, Vid: To CLEAR.